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ADDING EVENT VARIABLES TO PROPBANK

ADDING EVENT VARIABLES TO PROPBANK. Olga Babko-Malaya, Martha Palmer, Paul Kingsbury, Nianwen Xue, Shijong Ryu October 30, 2003 DOD site visit. An example. Mr. Bush met him privately , in White House , on Thursday . Rel: met Arg0: Mr. Bush Arg1: him

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ADDING EVENT VARIABLES TO PROPBANK

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  1. ADDING EVENT VARIABLES TO PROPBANK Olga Babko-Malaya, Martha Palmer, Paul Kingsbury, Nianwen Xue, Shijong Ryu October 30, 2003 DOD site visit

  2. An example Mr. Bush met himprivately, in White House, on Thursday. Rel: met Arg0: Mr. Bush Arg1: him ArgM-MNR: privately ArgM-LOC: in White House ArgM-TMP: on Thursday e meeting(e) & Arg0(e, Mr.Bush) & Arg1(e, he) & MNR(e, privately) & LOC(e, ‘in White House’) & TIME(e, ‘on Thursday’)

  3. Issues • Representation of arguments: davidsonian or neodavidsonian? • How are modifier tags related to events? • Which verbs introduce event variables?

  4. Representation of Arguments • Davidsonian representation: e meeting(e, Mr.Bush, he) & MNR(e, privately) & LOC(e, ‘in White House’) & TIME(e, ‘on Thursday’). • Neodavidsonian representation: e meeting(e) & Arg0(e, Mr.Bush) & Arg1(e, he) & MNR(e, privately) & LOC(e, ‘in White House’) & TIME(e, ‘on Thursday’).

  5. Difference: obligatoriness of arguments serve.01 "act, work": Arg0:worker Arg1:job, project Arg2:employer Each new trading roadblock is likely to be beaten by institutions seeking better ways *trace* to serve their high-volume clients. Arg0: *trace* -> institutions REL: serve Arg2: their high-volume clients • Davidsonian representation: ezserve(e, institutions, z, their high-volume clients) • Neodavidsonian representation: eserve(e)&Arg0(e, institutions)&Arg2(e, their high-volume clients)

  6. Issues • Representation of arguments: davidsonian or neodavidsonian? • How are modifier tags related to events? • Which verbs introduce event variables?

  7. Modifier Tags • Modifiers which predicate of events: MNR, TMP, LOC, DIR, CAU, PRP • Modifiers which are not predicates of events: ADV, NEG, PRD, DIS, MOD

  8. Modifiers which predicate of events • MNR: to manage businesses profitably • TMP: to run the company for 23 years • LOC: to use the notes on the test • DIR: to jump up • CAU: because of … • PRP: in order to …

  9. Problem1: Post States • TMP Bertha opened the window for 10 minutes a. e open(e) & Arg0(e, Bertha) &TMP(e,for 10 minutes) b. e e’ open(e) & Arg0(e, Bertha) & post(e, e’) & TMP(e’, for 10 minutes)

  10. Problem 2: Conjunction • TMP From 2 to 4, Lucas cleaned the bathroom and washed the dishes. a. e cleaning(e) & Arg0(e, Lucas) & Arg1(e, ‘the bathroom’) & TMP(e, ‘from 2 to 4’) & e’ washing(e’) & Arg0(e’, Lucas) & Arg1(e’, ‘the dishes’) & TMP(e’, ‘from 2 to 4’) b. e cleaning(e) & Arg0(e, Lucas) & Arg1(e, ‘the bathroom’) & e’ washing(e’) & Arg0(e’, Lucas) & Arg1(e’, ‘the dishes’) & TMP(ee’, ‘from 2 to 4’)

  11. Problem 3: Negation • TMP For the past five years, unions have not managed to win wage increases eTMP(e, ‘for the past five years’) & e’(e’<e & managing(e’) & Arg0(e’, unions) & Arg1(e’, ‘win wage increases’))

  12. Modifiers which do not predicate of events • ADV Once fat and happy, the Cowboys are now loosing games, fans and money. e loosing(e) & Arg0(e, ‘the Cowboys’) & TMP(e, now) & Arg1(e, ‘games, fans, and money’) & ADV(‘the Cowboys’, ‘once fat and happy’)

  13. Issues • Representation of arguments: davidsonian or neodavidsonian? • How are modifier tags related to events? • Which verbs introduce event variables?

  14. Events vs States • States: feel, know, want, like. - Stative verbs do not introduce event variables - Stative verbs introduce event variables • Stative verbs introduce a different type of variable

  15. Three Approaches to States • John knows the answer - know(John, the answer) - e knowing(e) & Arg0(e, John) & Arg1(e,‘the answer’) - s knowing(s) & Arg0(s, John) & Arg1(s,‘the answer’)

  16. Stative verbs co-occur with TMP, LOC and MNR • He did not know about most of these cases until Thursday • At the Pompano beach municipal stadium, Mr. Blair knows his power isn’t what it used to be. • It is widely known …

  17. Adding State Variables • But Conner isn’t standing still. e standing(e) & Arg1(e, Conner) & MNR(e, still) • As matters stand, … s standing(s) & Arg1(s,matters)

  18. Nombank Markable noun instances < 214, 000 tokens including: 101,000 verb nominals destruction, knowledge, aggression, anniversary 36,000 partitives: plenty, variety, dozens, set 15,000 environment noun instances: circumstance, context, universe, framework 15,000 relation nouns: accountant, bishop, parent, sibling

  19. ArgM-ADV • With communism collapsing, our interest lies in … • The television commercial really gets down to business • Treasures are just lying around, waiting to be picked up • Fortunately, the quake was over.

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