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The LHCb RICH photon detector system Ken Wyllie, CERN on behalf of the LHCb RICH Group

The LHCb RICH photon detector system Ken Wyllie, CERN on behalf of the LHCb RICH Group. Introduction to the system Photon-detector: the pixel HPD Building the system Test results Conclusions and Outlook. The real LHCb. RICH1. RICH1. RICH2. RICH2. The LHCb detector and its RICHs.

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The LHCb RICH photon detector system Ken Wyllie, CERN on behalf of the LHCb RICH Group

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  1. The LHCb RICH photon detector systemKen Wyllie, CERNon behalf of theLHCb RICH Group Introduction to the system Photon-detector: the pixel HPD Building the system Test results Conclusions and Outlook IWORID 2007

  2. The real LHCb RICH1 RICH1 RICH2 RICH2 The LHCb detector and its RICHs Designed to study B-physics – RICH detectors for particle identification Virtual LHCb IWORID 2007

  3. Simulation of Cherenkov Rings RICH1 RICH2 Measuring Cherenkov Photons Photon detector requirements Sensitive to single photons 200nm to 600nm Detection area 2.9m2, active fraction > 65% 2.5mm x 2.5mm channel size 25ns time precision (40MHz LHC frequency) 1MHz event rate Low noise rate Tolerant to B-field ~ 30G IWORID 2007

  4. ANODE The pixel hybrid photon detector (HPD) DEP, the Netherlands Advantages of this hybrid, pixel structure: low noise = excellent resolution of single photoelectrons high channel number/density = position resolution IWORID 2007

  5. The HPD anode Active pixel electronics mounted within HPD vacuum, binary (threshold) readout: 8192/1024 channels (two different modes of resolution) Low noise 160 e- (signal ~ 5000 e-) Threshold low & uniform mean 1200 e- with RMS 100 e- High density flip-chip interconnects (bump-bonds) developed for HPD application with VTT, Finland – capable of withstanding T-cycling of vacuum processing Readout chip Silicon sensor IWORID 2007

  6. Building the photon detector system 484 HPDs all produced 500,000 pixels (4 million in high resolution) Mounted in column modules Columns closely packed Module contains: 20kV distribution optical data transmission (1.6Gb/s per HPD) local magnetic shielding active cooling IWORID 2007

  7. Building and testing the system Bare HPDs With mu-metal shield 36-HPD system tested in lab & test-beam using a mini-RICH detector with different gas radiators What the Cherenkov photons see is this IWORID 2007

  8. Test results • Lab tests with DC LED & pulsed laser • Optimum efficiency & low noise (dark-counts) rate < 0.005 hits per HPD per event • Test-beam with 500MeV electrons • Rings from different radiators • photon yields as expected • optimising pattern recognition for LHCb Integrated C4F10 rings on four HPDs Integrated N2 rings on one HPD IWORID 2007

  9. Installing the system in LHCb RICH2 being installed in LHCb underground cavern HPD column module HPD modules inserted here IWORID 2007

  10. Installing the system in LHCb Photographing inside RICH2 – it’s dark! What the Cherenkov photons see is this 60% of the HPD system is installed and being commissioned Testing is underway with controlled light sources to ensure system is ready for data-taking with the LHC beam next year IWORID 2007

  11. Conclusions and Outlook Pixel HPD designed to meet harsh requirements of the LHCb system - proven to be an elegant & efficient detector for this type of application Specific chip, sensor & interconnects developed for HPD application Smaller-scale systems of HPDs tested successfully Full system of 484 HPDs, readout electronics and services under installation for start of LHC collisions in 2008 IWORID 2007

  12. Spare Slides IWORID 2007

  13. LHCb Cherenkov Detectors RICH2 RICH1 Tracking detectors IWORID 2007

  14. Polar angle of particles vs momentum RICH1 RICH2 IWORID 2007

  15. 10 G Unshielded 10 G Shielded MuMetal MuMetal 50 G Shielded tube 2.5 G Unshielded tube IWORID 2007

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