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Major Concepts: Activity 38

Major Concepts: Activity 38. A solution exists when one substance, the solute (solid), dissolves in another, the solvent (liquid). A solution is clear. Solubility, the amount of a substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent, such as water or ethanol, varies from substance to substance.

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Major Concepts: Activity 38

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  1. Major Concepts: Activity 38 • A solution exists when one substance, the solute (solid), dissolves in another, the solvent (liquid). A solution is clear. • Solubility, the amount of a substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent, such as water or ethanol, varies from substance to substance. • A solution reaches saturation when no more of the solute can dissolve. • Water can dissolve many different solutes and is often called the universal solvent.

  2. Major Concepts: Activity 45 • Chemical reactions often cause easily observable changes. • When a chemical reaction produces an insoluble product, that product appears as a precipitate. • Precipitation reactions can be used to treat wastewater containing dissolved substances.

  3. Major Concepts: Activity 46 • Acids and bases have characteristic physical and chemical properties. • A pH indicator is a chemical that changes color in response to the concentration of hydrogen/hydronium ions (H+ or H3O+) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions present. • A neutral solution is neither acidic or basic.

  4. Activity 46 Follow-up • Acids taste sour, sting to the touch, and turn pH paper and universal indicator red. • Bases feel slippery or soapy, and turn pH paper and universal indicator blue. • Acids are more common in foods. Bases tend to taste bitter. • Diluting an acid or a base eventually results in a neutral solution.

  5. Analysis Question #1

  6. Activity 47: Acids, Bases, and the pH Scale Read pg. C-86 Challenge: What is pH, and how does it affect the quality of water?

  7. Background information: • Glue in the “pH concept map” • The pH scale is non-linear • pH 3 is ten times more acidic than pH 4 Procedure: • Read pages C-87 to C-89 and fill in the directed reading table Data/Observation: • Copy “Directed Reading Table: Acidic, Basic, and Neutral Solutions”

  8. Directed Reading Table: Acidic, Basic, and Neutral Solutions

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