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European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna, Austria, 3 – 8 April 2011

European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna, Austria, 3 – 8 April 2011. IMPROVING HYDRAULIC MODELLING USING REMOTE SENSING-DERIVED FLOOD EXTENT DATA. A. Tarpanelli , L. Brocca, S. Barbetta, F . Melone and T. Moramarco

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European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011 Vienna, Austria, 3 – 8 April 2011

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  1. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 3 – 8 April 2011 IMPROVING HYDRAULIC MODELLING USING REMOTE SENSING-DERIVED FLOOD EXTENT DATA A. Tarpanelli, L. Brocca, S. Barbetta, F. Melone and T. Moramarco National Research Council, Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionVia Madonna Alta 126, 06128 Perugia, Italy E-mail: a.tarpanelli@irpi.cnr.it

  2. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection European directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risk: • a preliminary flood risk assessment • flood hazard maps and flood risk maps • flood risk management plans • uncertainties in modelling, observations and output

  3. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection integration within the hydraulic modelling nearly all-weather, day and night capabilities - TerraSAR-X - COSMO SkyMed - Radarsat-2 SpotLight

  4. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection RIVER IMAGES EVENTS TOPICS AUTHORS SEVERN (England) SEVERN (England) DEE (England) THAMES(England) ALZETTE (Luxembourg) PO (Italy) 4 ASAR (ERS) 1 TERRASAR-X 1 ASAR (75m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 ASAR (75m) November 2000 July 2007 December 2006 December 1992 January 2003 June 2008 Flooded Area FloodedUrban Area Flooded Area Flooded Area Water Levelassimilation Flooded Area Water level Horritt et al., HYP, 2007 Masonet al., IEEE, 2010 Schumann and DiBaldassarre, Rsletter, 2010 Masonet al., JoH, 2009 Schumann et al., IEEE, 2007 DiBaldassarreet al., HYP2009

  5. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection RIVER IMAGES EVENTS TOPICS AUTHORS SEVERN (England) SEVERN (England) DEE (England) THAMES(England) ALZETTE (Luxembourg) PO (Italy) 4 ASAR (ERS) 1 TERRASAR-X 1 ASAR (75m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 SAR (12.5m) 1 ASAR (75m) November 2000 July 2007 December 2006 December 1992 January 2003 June 2008 Flooded Area FloodedUrban Area Flooded Area Flooded Area Water Levelassimilation Flooded Area Water level Horritt et al., HYP, 2007 Masonet al., IEEE, 2010 Schumann and DiBaldassarre, Rsletter, 2010 Masonet al., JoH, 2009 Schumann et al., IEEE, 2007 DiBaldassarreet al., HYP2009 SEVERN RIVER Width channel: 70 m Width floodplain: 2 km Area= 6850 km2 DEE RIVER Width channel: 60 m Width floodplain: 200 m-2 km THAMES RIVER Width channel: 60 m Width floodplain: 1 – 2 km PO RIVER Width channel: 200-300 m Width floodplain: 400 m-4 km ALZETTE RIVER Width channel: 20 m Width floodplain: 300 m Area = 404 km2

  6. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection To evaluate the potential of low resolution ASAR image for the calibration of hydraulic modelling applied to a small basin (~90 km2) in Central Italy

  7. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection 1 2 3 4

  8. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection Generally, the procedure for the estimation of flooded areas is defined through three different levels of analysis: 1 2 3 data acquisition into a Geographic Information System (GIS) of the geomorphologic characteristics of the basin, the geometric properties of the river branches and the hydro-meteorological quantities. hydrological analysis aimed to estimate the design discharge hydrograph of the tributaries hydraulic analysis addressed to flooding area estimation.

  9. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection

  10. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection • Semi-distributed conceptual model, • MISD model (Corradini et al., 1995)

  11. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection the model simulates the flow propagation along rivers and channels networks the steady and unsteady flow conditions are described solving the De Saint Venant equations through an implicit, finite differences scheme known as “double sweep method” (Abbott and Ionescu, 1986) some available tools, such as link channels and flood cells, allow to develop a “quasi two-dimensional” approach able to represent properly the embankments overflow and the water propagation over the floodplains

  12. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection FLOODED AREA

  13. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection HTV HT ED FLOODED AREA VI

  14. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection

  15. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection 1 GENNA RIVER • BASIN CHARACTERISTICS • Total Area = 92 km2 • Mean slope = 9.73% • Length main channel = 20 km • Mean annual precipitation = 1100 mm • Mean channel width = 15 m • Floodplains width= 50 - 350 m

  16. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection GENNA RIVER Water channel bathymetry was characterized from a survey consisting of 84 cross sections (~1 every 250 m) conducted in 2007 by CNR A Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is available at a resolution of 3 m Survey of 14 bridges is conducted in 2007 by CNR

  17. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection 2 Trasimeno Lake Genna River

  18. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection The images were first geo-referenced. The four image processing techniques to extract the flooded area were applied November 28, 2010 November 28, 2010 November 25, 2010

  19. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection 3 n floodplain ASAR Image Change detection 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 HTV HTV HT HT n channel 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 VI ED VI ED

  20. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection HTV HT HTV HT ED VI ED VI

  21. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection HTV HT HTV HT ED VI ED VI

  22. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection HTV HT HTV HT ED VI ED VI

  23. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection HTV HT HTV HT ED VI ED VI

  24. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection

  25. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection 4 • 0.045 m-1/3 for the channel • 0.060m-1/3 for the floodplain

  26. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection DISCHARGE WATER LEVEL Observed Observed in-situcalibration in-situcalibration

  27. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection • The possibility to calibrate hydraulic modelling by using low resolution ASAR image even for a small basin has been addressed • The visual interpretation and histogram threshold are found to be the two best techniques for deriving flooded area • The estimated manning coefficient for the channel and floodplain are in good accordance with the ones estimated by using in situ observation. • Future work will incorporate the uncertainty in deriving flooded area from both satellite image and hydraulic models. • Moreover, we will wait for high resolution satellite images products (TerraSAR-X, COSMO-Sky-Med) with revisit time of a few hours!!! They are welcome!

  28. European Geosciences UnionGeneral Assembly 2011Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection • Bates, P.D., Wilson, M.D., Horritt, M.S., Mason, D.C., Holden, N., Currie, A., 2006. Reach scale floodplain inundation dynamics observed using airborne synthetic aperture radar imagery: data analysis and modelling . Journal of Hydrology, 328 (1-2), 306-318. • Corradini, C., Melone, F., Ubertini, L., 1995. A semi-distributed model for direct runoff estimate, Proc. IASTED International Conference, Modeling and Simulation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 27-29 1995; 541-545. • Deshmukh, K.S., Shinde, G.N., 2005. An adaptive color image segmentation. Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis, 5 (4), 12-23. • Di Baldassarre G., Schumann, G., Bates, P.D., 2009. A technique for the calibration of hydraulic models using uncertain satellite observations of flood extent. Journal of Hydrology, 367, 276–282. • Di Baldassarre, G., Schumann, G., Bates, P.D., 2009. Near real time satellite imagery to support and verify timely flood modelling. Hydrological Processes, doi: 10.1002/hyp.7229. • Horritt, M.S., Di Baldassarre, G., Bates, P.D., Brath, A., 2007. Comparing the performance of 2-D finite element and finite volume models of floodplain inundation using airborne SAR imagery. Hydrological Processes 21, 2745-2759 (ISSN: 0885-6087) • Kokare, M. Chatterji, B.N., Biswas, P.K., 2003. Comparison of similarity metrics for texture image retrieval. In: Proceedings of the IEEE 10th Conference on Convergent Technologies for Asia-Pacific Region, October 2003, vol.2. IEEE, Bangalore, India, pp. 571- 575. • Mason, D.C., Bates, P.D., Dall’ Amico, J.T., 2009. Calibration of uncertain flood inundation models using remotely sensed water levels  • Journal of Hydrology, Volume 368 (1-4), 224-236. • Mason D.C., Speck, R., Devereux, B., Schumann, G., Neal, J.C., Bates, P.D., 2010. Flood detection in Urban Areas Using TerraSAR- X, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48 (2), 882-894. • Oberstadler, R., Hnsch, H., Huth, D., 1997. Assessment of the mapping capabilities of ERS-1 SAR data for flood mapping: a case study in Germany. Hydrological Processes 10, 1415-1425. • Sali , E., Wolfson, H., 1992. Texture classification in aerial photographs and satellite data. InternationslJourna of Remote Sensing 13, 3395-3408. • Schumann, G., Hostache, R., Puech, C., Hoffman, L., Matgen, P., Pappenberger, F., Pfister, L.,2007. High-resolution 3D flood information from radar imagery for flood hazard management. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 45 (6), 1715-1725. • Schumann, G., Di Baldassarre, G., Bates, P.D., 2009. The utility of space-borne radar to render maps of observed possibility of inundation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 45 (6), 1715-1725. • Schumann, G. and Di Baldassarre, G.(2010) 'The direct use of radar satellites for event-specific flood riskmapping', Remote SensingLetters, 1(2), 75-84. DOI: 10.1080/01431160903486685 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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