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Excavata

Excavata. By Max Barsh (not really) Colm O’Toole Mike Maldonado. Cladogram. Excavata’s are put into different subgroups by their differences in the structure and presence of a specific rod inside their flagella. Characteristics. Eukaryote Lacks “classic” mitochondria

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Excavata

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  1. Excavata By Max Barsh (not really) Colm O’Toole Mike Maldonado

  2. Cladogram • Excavata’s are put into different subgroups by their differences in the structure and presence of a specific rod inside their flagella.

  3. Characteristics • Eukaryote • Lacks “classic” mitochondria • Could be tubular, discoid, or NONE • Have “excavated” groove on one side of cell body • Between two, four or more flagella • Ventral feeding with characteristic ultra-structure • Many are free-living but some are symbiotic or parasitic

  4. Euglena • Photosynthesizes (contains chlorophyll) • Found in fresh and salt waters • Can vary between parasites (kinetoplastids) or photosynthetic autotrophs (Euglenids!) • Can cause Chagas’ disease, which leads to heart failure

  5. Diplomonad • Has modified mitochondria • Lacks a Golgi Apparatus • Causes Giardiasis, a harmful immune-system disease that only inhabits the intestines of mammals • Two equal-sized nuclei • HARMFUL

  6. Oxymonad • Protozoasfound in intestines of termites • Have symbiotic bacteria responsible for breaking down cellulose • Lack a mitochondria • HELPFUL

  7. EVOLUTIONARY EVIDENCE • The presence of the modified mitochondria is evidence that evolution took its toll on the Excavatasupergroup • Other evidences include: • Varying flagella • Diplomonads lack an electron transport chain and have two nuclei • Parabasalids have a modified organelles that release Oxygen as a byproduct.

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