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Volcanism in the Solar System Part 2 – Outer Solar System

Volcanism in the Solar System Part 2 – Outer Solar System. Justin Filiberto Lunar and Planetary Institute. Plan of Talk. Earth - review Inner Solar System Mercury Venus Moon Mars Outer Solar System Io Enceladus Titan Triton Summarize Volcanoes in the Solar System.

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Volcanism in the Solar System Part 2 – Outer Solar System

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  1. Volcanism in the Solar SystemPart 2 – Outer Solar System Justin Filiberto Lunar and Planetary Institute

  2. Plan of Talk • Earth - review • Inner Solar System • Mercury • Venus • Moon • Mars • Outer Solar System • Io • Enceladus • Titan • Triton • Summarize Volcanoes in the Solar System

  3. Outer Solar System • Only “rocky” volcanic body: Io • Other types of eruptions • Icy volcanoes • Geysers • ?

  4. Io • Moon of Jupiter • Mean radius (km) 1821 (0.286XEarth) • Mass (1022kg) 8.93 (0.015XEarth) • Surface T (K) 130 • Gravity (m s-2) 1.8 (0.2XEarth) • Most volcanically active body in the solar system.

  5. Evidence for Volcanism • Surface Changes • Gas Plumes

  6. Loki Patera… • Active Lava Lake?

  7. Ra Patera • Diameter-450 km • Height <1km • Area of Lava- 250,000km2 • What type of volcano? • Lava type?

  8. Ra Patera

  9. Pele • Pele eruption lava >1350°C • Hawaiian lavas ~1000°C • Lava type? • Volcano?

  10. Enceladus • Moon of Saturn • Mean radius (km) 251 (0.04XEarth) • Mass (1020kg) 1.1 (1.8x10-5XEarth) • Surface T (K) 75 • Gravity (m s-2) 0.1 (0.01XEarth) • Icy Surface “Tiger Stripe” Ridges

  11. Enceladus Erupts

  12. Titan • Moon of Saturn • Mean radius (km) 2576 (0.4XEarth) • Mass (1023kg) 1.35 (0.023XEarth) • Surface T (K) 94 • Gravity (m s-2) 1.4 • Largest moon of Saturn • Only object with stable liquid on the surface (other than the Earth)

  13. Icy Volcano?

  14. Icy Volcano?

  15. Triton • Moon of Neptune • Mean radius (km) 1353 (0.2XEarth) • Mass (1022kg) 2.1 (0.0036XEarth) • Surface T (K) 38 • Gravity (m s-2) 0.78 • Surface is frozen nitrogen and water

  16. Triton Cryovolcanism? • Bluish streaks – geysers of nitrogen?

  17. Outer Planet Summary • Possible old volcanoes on Ganymede, and Europa similar to Enceladus? • Possible old volcanoes on Dione and Tethys? • Possible volcanoes on Pluto? • More data coming from New Horizons may answer some of these questions…

  18. Some questions to ponder • What types of volcanoes are common to the Earth only? Why? • What types of volcanoes are common in the inner solar system but not the outer? Why? • What does this suggest about the cooling histories of the inner planets? Outer planets?

  19. Some questions to ponder • From the volcanoes we have seen which ones would we expect on which planets? • What do they suggest about other planets? • Since most of us do not live near a volcano, how can students connect volcanoes on the Earth and other planets?

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