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2359: Theory Topic 12 IKBS and Expert Systems

2359: Theory Topic 12 IKBS and Expert Systems. Mr C Johnston ICT Teacher – Sidney Stringer Community Technical College, Coventry ( www.computech.me.uk ). What I Need To Learn. Describe the purpose of IKBS / expert systems and how they are used for diagnostic work and decision making.

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2359: Theory Topic 12 IKBS and Expert Systems

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  1. 2359: Theory Topic 12IKBS and Expert Systems Mr C Johnston ICT Teacher – Sidney Stringer Community Technical College, Coventry (www.computech.me.uk)

  2. What I Need To Learn • Describe the purpose of IKBS / expert systems and how they are used for diagnostic work and decision making. • Describe the steps necessary to create an IKBS / expert system. • Look at some real examples of an IKBS / expert system.

  3. Topic Tasks • Read pages 167 (start at the Expert Systems Header) – 168, • Complete this topics sheet and stick it into your book for your revision notes, • Complete this topics homework.

  4. Expert Systems / IKBS • An expert system is a program which aims to bring together human expertise in one knowledge base (set of data and rules), • Experts Systems are also sometimes known as Information Knowledge Base Systems (IKBS), • The systems are a large database full of fact and rules provided by experts, • An interface (perhaps a web page) interacts with the database and answers queries inputted by the user, • Answers come in the form of diagnosis or advice. • Typical uses include; • Medical Diagnosis, Car Engine Fault Diagnosis, Geological Surveys

  5. Features of Expert Systems • Only one specialised area is covered by the expert system, • There are many rules specified. For examples if patient has spots and a temperature then measles is a probable diagnosis (strength 50%). Many rules similar to this with different probabilities (strength or belief) could be specified, • The user is often often asked to respond to questions, which cause certain rules to be triggered. The user can provide “don’t know” responses and give the degree of uncertainty attached to the answer, • Advice and diagnosis may be given, • Explanations may be provided, • Reasoning is part of the processing to be carried out.

  6. Creating Expert Systems • Several steps need to be taken to set up an expert system: • Interview experts and use other expert sources such as text books to gather as many facts as possible, • Design the knowledge base, • Select the software to use. This may be an expert system shell (already built interface and database where facts just need entering) or a computer language appropriate for building the database and interface (SQL Server, SQL and Visual Basic). • Implement the design making sure the interface is easy to use, • Test the design, • Document the system and create a user manual, • Check the system with the experts to make sure it works and produces sensible factually correct advice.

  7. Problems With Expert Systems • Creating an expert system is very time consuming and the fact finding stage is often very difficult as the person making the system finds it difficult to understand the area of expertise because of its complexity.

  8. Real Example Expert Systems • NHS Direct • http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/ • Microsoft Knowledge Base • http://support.microsoft.com/?scid=fh;[ln];kbhowto

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