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Dr. Matthias Lüdeke, Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung Forschungsbereich II:

Dr. Matthias Lüdeke, Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung Forschungsbereich II: Klimawirkung und Vulnerabilität. Kiehl, J., and K. Trenberth, 1997: Earth’s annual global mean energy budget. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , 78 , 197–206. IPCC, AR4, 2007. IPCC, AR4, 2007. IPCC, AR4, 2007.

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Dr. Matthias Lüdeke, Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung Forschungsbereich II:

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  1. Dr. Matthias Lüdeke, Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung Forschungsbereich II: Klimawirkung und Vulnerabilität

  2. Kiehl, J., and K. Trenberth, 1997: Earth’s annual global mean energy budget. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 197–206.

  3. IPCC, AR4, 2007

  4. IPCC, AR4, 2007

  5. IPCC, AR4, 2007

  6. IPCC, AR4, 2007

  7. Climate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the average weather or more rigorously, as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. The classical period for averaging these variables is 30 years, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization. The relevant quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature, precipitation and wind. Climate in a wider sense is the state, including a statistical description, of the climate system. Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer IPCC, AR4, 2007

  8. Climate variability refers to variations in the mean state and other statistics (such as standard deviations, statistics of extremes, etc.) of the climate on all temporal and spatial scales beyond that of individual weather events. An Extreme weather event is an event that is rare at a particular place and time of year. Definitions of rare vary, but an extreme weather event would normally be as rare as or rarer than the 10th or 90th percentile of the observed probability density function. By definition, the characteristics of what is called extreme weather may vary from place to place in an absolute sense. When a pattern of extreme weather persists for some time, such as a season, it may be classed as an extreme climate event, especially if it yields an average or total that is itself extreme (e.g., drought or heavy rainfall over a season). IPCC, AR4, 2007

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