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North American Gateways and Corridors: Emerging Trends in Inland Freight Distribution

North American Gateways and Corridors: Emerging Trends in Inland Freight Distribution. Jean-Paul Rodrigue Professor, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University, New York, USA. Why Hinterland Transportation Matters?. Distance. Cost. 10%. Port. 8 0%. HINTERLAND. 90%. FORELAND.

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North American Gateways and Corridors: Emerging Trends in Inland Freight Distribution

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  1. North American Gateways and Corridors: Emerging Trends in Inland Freight Distribution Jean-Paul Rodrigue Professor, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University, New York, USA

  2. Why Hinterland Transportation Matters? Distance Cost 10% Port 80% HINTERLAND 90% FORELAND 20%

  3. Global Trends: The Proverbial Elephant in the Living (Board) Room

  4. The Three Elephants…

  5. Multiplying Effects of Derived Demand on Container Transport Peaking? Container Throughput (520.4 Millions TEU) Exports in current USD ($15.2 Trillion) GDP in current USD ($63.4 Trillion) World Population (6.84 Billions)

  6. China: The Largest Bubble in History? Rebalancing in demand

  7. Commodities and the Canadian Economy: A Double-Edged Sword

  8. Monthly Softwood Lumber Shipments to China, 2007-2011

  9. The Third Oil Shock Unfolding Rebalancing in input costs Second Oil Shock Third Oil Shock First Oil Shock

  10. The North American East and West Coasts Dominate… Millions

  11. … but Growth has Shifted to South America / The Caribbean Million TEUs

  12. An Expected Shift in Containerization Growth Factors

  13. Inland Ports in a Paradigm

  14. Inland Ports: Pick Your Challenge

  15. The Massification of Transportation in Inland Systems Inland Load Center Network Formation Logistics Support Port Port Port Port-Centric IT IT Corridor Inland Terminal Inland Port IT IT IT Intermodal Industrial Park Direct truck End haul Rail / Barge

  16. The Inland Logistics Funnel: The “Last Mile” in Freight Distribution Capacity Funnel Frequency Funnel Atomization Inland Terminal HINTERLAND FrequencyGap CapacityGap GATEWAY Massification FORELAND Economies of scale Main Shipping Lane INTERMEDIATE HUB

  17. Transshipment in the Caribbean: From A Triangle to a Funnel 15.6% 16.4% 4.9% 63.1% Economies of scale involve less tolerance for deviation

  18. Asymmetries between Import and Export-Based Containerized Logistics Customer Distribution Center Inland Terminal Import-Based Gateway • Many Customers • Function of population density. • Geographical spread. • Incites transloading. • High priority (value, timeliness). Repositioning Supplier Export-Based • Few Suppliers • Function of resource density. • Geographical concentration. • Lower priority. • Depends on repositioning opportunities.

  19. Container Traffic, Port of Vancouver and Prince Rupert, 2008-2011 (import / export ratio) 0.81 0.74 0.76 0.92 0.43 0.33 0.25 0.25

  20. Trade and Transactional Facilitation: Functional Pairing of Inland Ports Functional Pairing Hinterland Corridor Gateway Inland Port Foreland

  21. Conclusion: Inland Ports as Maturing Logistical Platforms • The last mile remains salient • (Gateway gap + inland massification) • Inland ports are hinterland dependent • (Significant regional variations in logistics) • Longitudinal fixation, latitudinal future?

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