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Rumania

Rumania. structure. 1.history 1.1.the second world war 1.2.Rising communism 1.3.Ceaucesco 1.4.the Revolution 1989 1.5.1990 until today 2.political system 2.1.Did the new political institution any previous history ?

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Rumania

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  1. Rumania

  2. structure 1.history 1.1.the secondworld war 1.2.Rising communism 1.3.Ceaucesco 1.4.the Revolution 1989 1.5.1990 untiltoday 2.political system 2.1.Did thenewpoliticalinstitutionanyprevioushistory? 2.2.Were Romania abletodefine an ownfutureconcerningthepoliticalsystem? 2.3.participation 2.4.current politicalsystem 2.5.poltical parties 3.economy 3.1.economy during 1944-1989 3.2.economy during 1989-2014 4.society

  3. 2nd World War • Rumaniatriedtostay neutral • 28th ofJuly 1940:The SovietsannexedpartsofRumania=> acceptedthisconditiontoavoid a war • 4th of September 1940:The militarydictator Ion Antonescutookthe power (right-winged) • 23th of September 1940:Rumaniajoinedthe Axis Powers • foughtagainstthe Allies • killedmanyjewsandRomanies

  4. 2nd World War • 23th of August 1944: • The front was neartoRomania again • King Mihai made a coupewithleft-wingedpolititainsandformed a newgoverment • joinedthe Allies • Parisianpeaceconference 1946: • Romania was oficiallynopartofthe Allies • Theysurrenderedpartsoftheircountry • Occupiedbythesoviets

  5. RisingCommunism • 1946: • the “Romanian communistic party“ was “elected“ retrospective with manipulated elections • The elite of the old system weredisappropriated or killed • 1947: • King Mihai was forcedtorecsignandtofleetoexile • RomanianPeople'sRepublicwas declared • CommunistsandSocialistsformedtogetherthegoverningparty • Manyoppositionpartieswereforbidden • 1955: • Romania joined Warsaw Pact.

  6. Ceaucescu • 1965: • after deathofoldleaderCeaucescutookleadership • declaredtheSocialisticRepublicof Romania • In theBeginningCeaucescuwas veryfavoured • Ceaucescubuilt a totalitarianregimewithhissecretservice “Securitate“ • Romania approachedmoreandmorethe western countries and China

  7. Ceaucescu • In ordertoreducedepts in other countries he decreased i.a. socialspending • The economicsituationgotworse • Suppression ofcertainpartsofthecitizens • Dissolvingprotestsoftheverypoorpeoplebyviolence • He usedimportantgoodstobuildortofinancehugepalacesorotherbuildings

  8. The Revolution 1989 • 17th December 1989 • Revolution started in Timișoarabecausesoldiersshotprotestingpeople In manybigcitysprotestsstarted armyturnedawayfromCeaucescuandfought againsttheSecuritate(secretservice) • Ceaucesco was arrestedandkilled (25th December) • Securitatebegantodisappear

  9. 1990 - today • 1990: • The firstfreeelectionswereheld • newgovernmentforbidcommunisticpartiesandtheSecuritate • 1991: • First constitution => parliamentary democracy • 2007: • Romania got a member of the EU

  10. 1831: First lawsimilarto a constitution 1945 – 1991: Communism 1991: First constitution -> parliamentarydemocracy 2003: Tojointhe EU, Romania hadtochangetheirconstitution -> constitutionaldemocracy Didthenewpoliticalsystemhaveanyprevioushistory? (beforetherevolution)

  11. Rumania: WereRumaniaabletodefine an ownfutureconcerningthepoliticsystem? After 2nd world war: Abandonedby Western powers Romania falls undercontrolofRussians (Union ofSovietSocialistRepublics) Political partiesarebanned ; manymembersarearrested System offorcedlaborandpoliticalprisons Banking, industryandtransportarenationalized → no real chanceto plan ownfuture

  12. Participation in thepoliticalsystem

  13. Currentpoliticalsystem • Legislature: • Majority-voting-system Since 2008 • Legislative period: 4 years • Parliament (law giving and budget-controlling force): • Chamber of Deputies (412 Seats) and the Senate (176 Seats) • Local legislature • County Councils (42 “districts“) and Local Councils • Since1974 Romania has a President (gets voted through a direct election for five years, has no right of initiative legislation, his decrees must get singed by the head of government, Commander in Chief of the army and leader of the supreme council for defense)

  14. Currentpoliticalsystem • The Constitution of 1991 is the first post-socialistic Constitution and was demanded by the EU • The judiciary consists of different instances • The constitutional court consists of nine judges who are appointed by the president, the Chamber of Deputies and by the Senate

  15. Political Parties (bigthree)

  16. Big Three

  17. 3.1. economyduring 1944-1989 • Member of the Eastern Bloc • Switched to a socialist-style command economy • Rapid industrialization • 1989: GDP (gross domestic product) -> 53.6 billion USD GNP (gross national product) -> 58% from industry, 15% from agriculture

  18. 3.2.economy during 1989-2014 • Romania gets help from the IMF and the World Bank • But still second poorest country in Europe • Economic sectors:Service sector 67,3%Manufacturing industry 27,3%Agriculture 5,4% • Main industries: electrical engineering, textiles, mining, wood industry, chemical industry, manufacture of auto parts and vehicle • Positive growth forecasts for 2015 (2,8%)

  19. 4. Society • In Romania live nearly 20 million people which speak Romanian and pay in Romanian Leu(one euro=3.5 Leu) • The Romanian culture is characterized by various influences: • the embossed diversity European unique • by traditional and modern society • border location of the country between East and West • many ethnic and religious minorities. • Great Union Day: on December 1, is the national holiday of Romania. It commemorates the assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia, which declared the Union of Transylvania with Romania. • Human Development Index: 0,785 Carol I. – firstRomanian King 1881-1914

  20. sources • https://www.hanisauland.de/kalender/rumaenien_nationalfeiertag/ • https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/100_lei._Romania,_2005_a.jpg • http://www.hausderheimat.at/sites/www.hausderheimat.at/files/images/k-johmare.jpg • https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rum%C3%A4nien • http://www.rumaenien-biketour.at/joomla/img/rumaenien.jpg • http://www.rp-online.de/politik/ausland/klaus-johannis-wird-neuer-praesident-in-rumaenien-aid-1.4673839 • PSD: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat • PNL: http://www.campina.info/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi • UNPR: http://www.observatorulph.ro/politic/a-decis-soarta-viceprimarului-petrescu • http://www.qualityaction.eu/images/eu.jpg • http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/romania/index_de.htm • http://img.welt.de/img/literarischewelt/crop101510622/2299737400-ci3x2l-w540/Ceausescu-BM-Bayern-Berlin.jpg

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