‘Race’

1. ‘Race’ Diversity Literacy Week 8 Prepared by Claire Kelly

2. Prepared by Claire Kelly “… oppression designates the disadvantage and injustice some people suffer not because tyrannical power co-oerces them, but because of the everyday practices of a well intentioned society” (Young, p. 36)

3. “A Girl Like Me” (Kiri Davis) Prepared by Claire Kelly • Insert: the “A Girl Like Me” video here. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWyI77Yh1Gg • What does A Girl Like Me illustrate to us about racism and how it operates?

4. “Everyday racism” (Essed) Prepared by Claire Kelly “I was looking through the eyes of my mothers, and cousins, and aunts... I began to see how our most intimate relationships, our abilities to love, express ourselves, and indeed to live, are deeply and permanently affected by racism” (Dericotte, 1997 cited in Essed, p. 202 • “….injustices occurring so often that they are almost taken for granted, nagging annoying, debilitating, seemingly small injustices one comes to expect” (Essed, 2002, p. 203) • “…expressed and contested in ordinary situations” (ibid.) • Through discourses of ‘taste’ (Dolby) • Persisting heirarchies of sexual desirability (Barna & Pattman)

5. Black consciousness (Biko, p.74) Prepared by Claire Kelly • “At the heart of this kind of thinking is the realisation by the blacks that the most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed. Once the latter has been so effectively manipulated and controlled by the oppressor as to make the oppressed believe that he [sic] is a liability to the white man [sic], then there will be nothing the oppressed can do that will really scare the powerful masters.” • “… BC makes the black man [sic] see himself [sic] as a being, entire in himself [sic]…” • What would that mean for the girls in the video? • What would that mean for black people in SA today?

6. The “problem” of race (Peck) Prepared by Claire Kelly “…the concept of racism is is therefore the object of political and ideological struggle….” (Miles cited in Peck, p. 92) How we define the “problem” of race & racism determines the “solutions”

7. But is it racism.....? dubuladubula (shoot shoot)awdubul'ibhunu (shoot the Boer) Prepared by Claire Kelly Insert: picture of Julius Malema

8. But is it racism.....? Prepared by Claire Kelly • Insert: newspaper headlines from • http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/julius-malema-is-a-racist-most-iol-readers-1.465472

9. But is it racism.....? Prepared by Claire Kelly “Yes he is. For the simple reason that he can only see race in everything he gets involved in. And since he involves himself in everything, you get the picture. He's a tub-thumping, one-trick pony with absolutely nothing to offer this country other than hatred and stupidity.” Duncan “He has so much hatred inside of him toward white people that he utters racial slurs on an ongoing basis without thinking what type of message he is sending across to our youth/nation. He should be disciplined and though the correct ways by his elders or he should not be allowed to make public speeches. He has no manners or respect for anybody including his own race.” Morgan (Extracts from comments on http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/julius-malema-is-a-racist-most-iol-readers-1.465472)

10. But is it racism.....? Prepared by Claire Kelly • Insert: pictures of Barack Obama depicted as a chimpanzee. • http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/barackobama/4691161/New-York-newspaper-accused-of-racism-over-Barack-Obama-chimpanzee-cartoon.html • http://buckhornroad.blogspot.com/2011/06/local-republican-who-is-black.html • Insert: picture of George W. Bush being compared to a chimpanzee and compare why these pictures may or may not be racist. • http://totallylookslike.icanhascheezburger.com/2010/12/29/george-w-bush-chimpanzee/

11. But is it racism.....? Prepared by Claire Kelly • Insert: pictures of scientific-racist depictions of African Americans in 18th and 19th century. • http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2008/06/18/whites-blacks-apes-in-the-great-chain-of-being/

12. 2 Major Discourses of Race (Erasmus, 2008) Prepared by Claire Kelly Colourblind “since the end of apartheid, race is no longer politically significant, and therefore any use or recognition of the concept is itself a racist practice harking back to apartheid” (p. 173) Essentialist“race as the predetermining and all- determining element of social life and self” (p. 175) Antiracist

13. Anti-racism (Erasmus, 2008) Prepared by Claire Kelly “race as a social construct embedded in history and politics with fluid and changing rather than fixed and given meanings.” (p. 174) “… draws our attention to the meanings we attach to (real of imagined) biological and cultural markers….” (ibid.) “…and enables us to recognise the hierarchies of power and privilegelocated within racialised structures of meaning” (ibid.) “recognise that race is not a scientifically valid category... this does not make race an illusion” (ibid.)

14. Extra references Prepared by Claire Kelly Essed. P. (2002) Everyday racism. InD. T. Goldberg & J. Solomos (Eds) A companion to racial and ethnic studies. Malden, MA: Blackwell