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Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture

Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture. Introduction to water. Earth’s temperature  special properties of water. Introduction to water. Energy needed to change state. Evaporation. How does water evaporate?. Evaporation. Water vapor stores latent heat

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Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture

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  1. Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture

  2. Introduction to water • Earth’s temperature  special properties of water

  3. Introduction to water • Energy needed to change state

  4. Evaporation • How does water evaporate?

  5. Evaporation • Water vapor stores latent heat • Vapor pressure: pressure exerted by water vapor

  6. Vapor pressure

  7. Evaporation • How quickly does water evaporate?

  8. Humidity • Absolute humidity: ratio of water vapor to a given volume of air • Specific humidity: ratio of water vapor to a given mass of air

  9. Humidity • Relative humidity: ratio of water vapor to maximum water vapor capacity

  10. Dew point • When air cools, water vapor capacity _____ and relative humidity _____

  11. Condensation • Condensation: water vapor becomes liquid, releases latent heat

  12. Lapse rates • Normal lapse rate: 3.5°F/1000 feet

  13. Adiabatic processes • Air changes temperature by convection, not conduction

  14. Adiabatic processes • If a rising parcel of air cools to its dewpoint, then ______ occurs

  15. Adiabatic processes

  16. Stability of air • Buoyancy: tendency of an object to rise

  17. Stability of air

  18. Stability of air • Stability: normal lapse rate of surrounding air is less than DALR

  19. Stability of air • Unstable air: normal lapse rate of surrounding air is greater than DALR

  20. Stability of air • Conditionally unstable air: stable up to a point

  21. Stability of air

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