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Week #2 Q.4 ( 3/31)

Today in I.S.…. Week #2 Q.4 ( 3/31) . Homework : None. I.S. Learning Goal : I can analyze the factors used to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. Activities/Assignments: Notebook Organization Acrostic Poem.

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Week #2 Q.4 ( 3/31)

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  1. Today in I.S.… Week #2 Q.4 (3/31) Homework: None I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. • Activities/Assignments: • Notebook Organization • Acrostic Poem Fact:TheMoon is moving away from the Earth 3.8cm every year. Warm Up: Briefly describe life cycle of a star.

  2. Life cycle of star

  3. Table of Contents for Quarter 4 IS

  4. Use the words L I F E O F S T A R S Acrostic Poem or Name Poem Create a word or sentence explaining the words life of stars. *Must summarize the notes *Include a picture with color *Include 3-5 sentences explaining the Acrostic Poem Spelling out "fear"... Frightening Eerie and strange Anxiety rises Ready to flee

  5. Today in I.S.… Week #2 Q.4 (4/1) Homework: None I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. • Activities/Assignments: • Notebook Organization • Notes on Doppler Effect • Wavestown Activity Fact:Astronauts cannot burp in space because there is no gravity in space to separate liquid from gas in their stomachs . Warm Up: A black dwarf is a hypothetical end point of evolution for a degenerate star, either a white dwarf or a neutron star. What are your thoughts on this hypothesis?

  6. When we look at the Universe in a different "light", i.e. at "non-visible" wavelengths, we probe different kinds of physical conditions -- and we can see new kinds of objects! For example, high-energy gamma-ray and X-ray telescopes tend to see the most energetic dynamos in the cosmos, such as active galaxies, the remnants from massive dying stars, accretion of matter around black holes, and so forth. Visible light telescopes best probe light produced by stars. Longer-wavelength telescopes best probe dark, cool, obscured structures in the Universe: dusty star-forming regions, dark cold molecular clouds, the primordial radiation emitted by the formation of the Universe shortly after the Big Bang. Only through studying astronomical objects at many different wavelengths are astronomers able to piece together a coherent, comprehensive picture of how the Universe works!

  7. Doppler effect was originally studied in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Today, the Doppler shift, as it is also known, applies to electromagnetic waves in all portions of the spectrum. Also, because of the inverse relationship between frequency and wavelength, we can describe the Doppler shift in terms of wavelength. Radiation is red shifted when its wavelength increases, and is blue shifted when its wavelength decreases. Astronomers use Doppler shifts to calculate precisely how fast stars and other astronomical objects move toward or away from Earth. For example the spectral lines emitted by hydrogen gas in distant galaxies is often observed to be considerably red shifted. The spectral line emission, normally found at a wavelength of 21 centimeters on Earth, might be observed at 21.1 centimeters instead. This 0.1 centimeter red shift would indicate that the gas is moving away from Earth at over 1,400 kilometers per second (over 880 miles per second).

  8. Page 5 The Doppler effect Originally discovered by the Austrian mathematician and physicist, Christian Doppler (1803-53), this change in pitch results from a shift in the frequency of the sound waves.

  9. Page 5 The study of light • Doppler effect- The apparent change in wavelength of radiation caused by the relative motions of the source and observer • Used to determine • Direction of motion • Increasing distance – wavelength is longer ("stretches") • Decreasing distance – makes wavelength shorter ("compresses") • Velocity – larger Doppler shifts indicate higher velocities

  10. Blueshift: This spectrum shows hydrogen shifted to the blue end of the spectrum. This star is moving toward Earth. Redshift: This spectrum shows hydrogen shifted to the red end of the spectrum. This star is moving away from Earth. Page 5 The Doppler effect The electromagnetic radiation emitted by a moving object also exhibits the Doppler effect. http://www.physorg.com/news200044818.html

  11. The Doppler effect The radiation emitted by an object moving toward an observer is squeezed; its frequency appears to increase and is therefore said to be blueshifted. In contrast, the radiation emitted by an object moving away is stretched or redshifted. Blueshifts and redshifts exhibited by stars, galaxies and gas clouds also indicate their motions with respect to the observer. http://www.molebash.com/doppler/home.htm

  12. Today in I.S.… Week #2 Q.4 (4/2&3) Homework: None I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. • Activities/Assignments: • Notes on Doppler Effect • Wavestown Activity • Astronomy video Fact: Saturn's rings are arguably the flattest structure known to man, being some 300,000 km end-to-end but with a vertical thickness of about 10 meters. Warm Up: What is the difference between red and blue shift in the Doppler effect.

  13. Table of Contents for Quarter 4 IS

  14. Page 6 Electromagnetic Spectrum Handout

  15. http://www.physorg.com/news200044818.html Wavelengths Wavelengths can tell us A LOT about ENERGY (traveling through the universe from a star) • How powerful light is • How fast it is moving • Where it is moving from & to • What kind of light it is Doppler Effects: http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/doppler/doppler.html Sonic Boom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWGLAAYdbbc

  16. The Electromagnetic Spectrum • WAVELENGTH: Distance from the top of one wave to the top of the next wave • Each form of radiation has a different wavelength • What does a radiation’s wavelength tell us? • How powerful (how much energy) the radiation is • What kind of radiation it is

  17. The Electromagnetic Spectrum • Visible light: • Red light = looooooooooooooongest, • Violet light = shortest • On the entire EM Spectrum, • Radio waves: longest wavelength • ~500 m (5 × 102 m) • Visible light: middle • ~.0000005 m (5 × 10-7 m) • Gamma rays: shortest wavelength • ~.000000000005 m (5 × 10-12 m) Brainpop: Color and EM Spectrum

  18. Pg. 7: Secrets Held in Starlight Wavestown Worksheet • What form of radiation is labeled on line #3? • Is Infrared radiation more or less powerful than visible light? • How do you know this? • What’s so special about visible light? • Let’s discuss 1examplefrom the picture of Wavestown of the different types of radiation… • On the back, what is the relationship between wavelength & the energy of a form of radiation? Into the universe with Stephen Hawking Story of Everything http://vimeo.com/17777145 BrainpopVideo + Handout

  19. Today in I.S.… Week #2 Q.4 (4/4) Homework: None I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. • Activities/Assignments: • Complete Astronomy video Fact: The Sun burns 600 million tons of Hydrogen every second. The Cosmic Microwave Background that we detect today started traveling towards us over 13 billion years ago Warm Up: + Reflection(turn in) Give an example of the sourse of Radio, visual and ultra violet waves on EM spectrum.

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