ENERGY

1. ENERGY

2. Energy – The ability to do work The tennis player does work On her racket How is energy involved in the following picture? The racket does work on the ball The ball does work on the net Energy Video http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=2FBE6C5D-0DD3-4210-B476-1A679001C8EE&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

3. STATES OF ENERGY 1. Kinetic - The energy of motion, when energy is being transferred. The faster the motion, the more kinetic energy it has. The bigger the mass, the more Kinetic energy it has. Depends on mass and velocity Increase Mass Increase K.E. Increase Velocity Increase K.E.

4. Why would a high speed collision cause more damage than a low speed collision?

5. STATES OF ENERGY Stored Energy or energy that is waiting to be transferred. 2. Potential - -Object is not moving or doing work. BUT… the shape or position of the object can change the amount of potential energy. -When work is done on an object, potential energy is stored. -Has the ability to turn into kinetic energy.

7. What type of energy does each Picture demonstrate? Kinetic – When you Swing hammer Potential Potential Kinetic

9. The Roller Coaster http://www.ohiomathworks.org/themeparks/coastequation.gif

12. 7 Forms of Energy http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=127807

13. FORMS OF ENERGY • Mechanical – Energy associated with motion, anything moving. POTENTIAL OR KINETIC Examples of mechanical energy

14. FORMS OF ENERGY 2. Thermal – Heat Energy Is Kinetic Results from friction,causes temperature and phase changes, ALL OTHER TYPES of energy TURN INTO THIS. Solid to Liquid Liquid to Gas

15. FORMS OF ENERGY • Chemical – Energy that is released as a result of molecular bonds being broken. A Form of Potential Energy Examples: All forms of fuel (gasoline, coal, wood, food, radioactive materials) Photosynthesis, batteries.

16. What are examples of Chemical Energy in this picture? 1. Wood Burning; chemical energy stored in the wood is used to toast your marshmallows 2. Chemical energy is stored in the marshmallow’s sugar molecules. • When you eat a marshmallow, chemical energy stored becomes available for you to use.

17. FORMS OF ENERGY • Electrical Energy – Energy of moving electrons. Is always kinetic. The electrical outlets in your home allow you to use electrical energy

18. FORMS OF ENERGY • Sound – Caused by an object’s vibrations. Can also be considered mechanical. Is potential and kinetic Example: Guitar Strings Vibrating Is potential and kinetic

19. Light – Produced by the vibrations of electrically charged particle that are visible. Is kinetic. LIGHT IS ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

20. Electromagnetic Spectrum

21. Other Examples of Electromagnetic Energy Microwave Infrared Radio Waves X-Rays

22. FORMS OF ENERGY • Nuclear – energy associated with changes in the nucleus of an atom. Is potential. Examples: Sun’s Energy Nuclear Power Plant

23. WHICH FORM OF ENERGY IS REPRESENTED IN EACH PICTURE?

24. Energy is that "certain something" inside stuff (or matter to be more precise) that makes everything happen. When something or somebody moves or jumps or falls or explodes or breathes or thinks or dances or does anything, it's because energy is being transformed.

25. SIMPLE ENERGY CONVERSIONS A change from one form of energy to another is called an energy conversion. Any form of energy can be converted Into any other form of energy.

26. ENERGY CONVERTING FROM POTENTIAL TO KINETIC MAX PE. MAX PE. MAX KE.

27. CHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSIONS • 1. Chemical energy in food is converted to ……… • 2. Mechanical energy when you are moving, • 3. Heat as a result of the movement to maintain body temperature (homeostasis) I think therefore I convert energy Chemical  mechanical  thermal (heat)

28. Examples of Other Chemical Energy Conversions • Batteries(chemical) light heatsound • Gas(chemical)  mechanicalheatsound Chemical to ?

29. Lighting: electricallightheat Most of the energy is converted to heat. Only a small percentage of the original energy is converted into light energy. Heat causes the air to move very rapidly which in turn causes sound.

30. Electrical Energy Conversions All electrical appliances are converting electricity. Name several examples of electrical conversions.

31. MECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSIONS Movement causes friction which causes heat. Mechanical can turn into mechanical again. Bike: mechanical  mechanical thermal  sound

32. THERE HAS TO BE AN ENERGY CHANGE TO MAKE THINGS HAPPEN! ENERGY CONVERSIONS

33. CONSERVATION OF ENERGY The Law of Conservation of Energystates that when one form of energy is converted into another form of energy, no energy is destroyed in the process. Energy cannot be Created or Destroyed.

34. Energy Resources – a natural resource that can be converted into energy for use by humans. Two Types of Energy Resources: Renewable & Nonrenewable

35. Renewable Resource – an energy resource that can be replaced in a short amount of time. WATER WIND GEOTHERMAL BIOMASS

36. Renewable Resources: • Water- rivers (dams) • a. Hoover Dam- Nevada • Wind- moving air (windmills) • b. Great Plains • Geothermal- hot springs, geysers (inside Earth) • Yellowstone, parts of KY • 4. Biomass- corn, ethanol, vegetable oils, wood • d. Everywhere

37. Nonrenewable Resources – cannot be replaced after use or takes millions of years to replace. Fossil Fuels – energy resources that are formed from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago

38. Non-renewable Resources – Fossil Fuel Natural Gas Coal SUN!!! Petroleum (Oil)

39. Non Renewable Resources: • Coal- fossilized plants and animals (power plants) • a. KY, VA, WV • Natural Gas- gas deposits in the Earth (pipelines) • b. Great Plains • Petroleum- hot springs, geysers (oil rigs) • Gulf of Mexico, Middle East • 4. Sun- radiant energy (solar panels) • d. Everywhere

40. COMPLEX ENERGY CONVERSIONS Many simple energy conversions put together. Converting energy from the sun to make it available for use at your home.

41. Complex Energy Conversions All energy originates (starts) with the SUN!!!! HOW CAN WE MAKE ENERGY FROM THE SUN USEABLE???? The energy conversions involved with the sun are: Nuclear  light  thermal (heat) How can we use the light energy given from the sun on earth?

42. Complex Energy Conversions _________ _________ _________ _________

43. FOSSIL FUEL ENERGY TRANSFER Plants die Become coal Nuclear to Light Light to Chemical Chemical To Chemical Chemical Burn the Coal – Chemical tothermal Power plant Electrical Mechanical (turn turbines) Electromagnetic (light)

44. NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear power plants do the same job as fossil fuel powered plants. They use nuclear energy to power the turbines that make the electricity.

45. Solar Energy Light energy from the Sun is converted to electrical energy for use in our homes. Disadvantage: Sun is not really a renewable resource. Advantage: Readily available as of now in all areas of the world. Area of the World = Deserts, plains areas, any area with abundant sunlight. Arizona, Mexico, California

46. Hydroelectric (Water) Energy Mechanical energy from water in rivers is converted to electrical power with dams. Disadvantage: Expensive upkeep of dams. Advantage: Readily available to those that already have dams in place. Area of the World = Hoover Dam most well known in our country.

47. Wind Energy Mechanical energy from wind is converted to electrical power using wind turbines. Disadvantage: Expensive and depends on how land is laid out. Advantage: Readily available to those that already have wind turbines in place. Area of the World = Great Plains, Kansas, Oklahoma.

48. Geothermal Energy Thermal energy from within the Earth that can be converted to usable energy. Disadvantage: Land dependent, not available to everyone. Advantage: Cost effective. Area of the World = Iceland, Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park.

49. Biomass Energy Chemical energy in plant and animal waste can be converted to usable energy in the form of methane, ethanol, bio-diesel, etc. Disadvantage: Does use some food resources increasing prices for these items. Advantage: Readily available. Area of the World = Most places.

50. ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONVERSIONS Nuclear to Thermal Mechanical to Mechanical Thermal to Mechanical Electrical to Heat Electrical Pretty