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Understanding El Niño Events: Impacts and Causes

Learn about El Niño events, characterized by stormier winters on the West Coast and ocean temperature anomalies. Discover what causes El Niño, such as trade wind changes and jet stream shifts. Explore the wettest months along the West Coast since 1950.

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Understanding El Niño Events: Impacts and Causes

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  1. (1) What is an El Niño event? Much stormier and hence wetter winter weather than normal on the West Coast Colder than normal sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean along the equator Warmer than normal sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean along the equator A shift in the position of the jet stream, causing midlatitude cyclones to change their routes across the West Coast. Warmer sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific Ocean than in the eastern Pacific Ocean along the equator

  2. (2) What causes an El Niño event? (A) Weakening or reversal of the westward-blowing trade winds over the Pacific Ocean in the tropics (B) A southward shift in the position of the jet stream over North America (C) Stronger than normal solar heating of the Pacific Ocean along the equator (D) Drought in Australia at the same time as flooding in Peru.

  3. (3) Based on rainfall records since 1950, what are the five wettest months of the year (on the average) recorded at most weather stations along the West Coast? October through February November through March December through April November through February, plus September (when the remnants of hurricanes sometimes up from the coast of Mexico and cross the West Coast)

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