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Video Codecs

Video Codecs. By Josh Emrick. What is a Codec?. A video codec is a device or software module that enables video compression or decompression for digital video. Why are codecs important?.

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Video Codecs

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  1. Video Codecs By Josh Emrick

  2. What is a Codec? • A video codec is a device or software module that enables video compression or decompression for digital video.

  3. Why are codecs important? • Today, digital video codecs are found in DVDs and on the Internet. Online video material is encoded in a variety of codecs, and this has led to the availability of codec packs • Codec packs are pre-assembled set of commonly used codecs combined with an installer available as a software package for computers.

  4. Terms to know for video codecs • Video compression refers to reducing the quantity of data used to represent video content without excessively reducing the quality of the picture. • Bitrate or datarate is the number of bits used per unit of time to represent a continuous medium such as audio or video after compression. Bitrate (bps) is the standard unit of measurement for data compression.

  5. Types of compression • Temporal Compression- compression by removing redundant frames. • Spatial Compression-compression by removing redundant pixels in a frame.

  6. Common video formats • AVI-Audio Video Interleave is a multimedia container format made by Microsoft in November 1992 as part of the Video for Windows technology. AVI files contain both audio and video data in a standard container that allows simultaneous playback.

  7. Common video formats • Divx, xvid, and 3ivx- popular codecs that are commonly used today. These codecs use spartial compression.

  8. Common video codecs • H.263(also known as MPEG4 and AVC)- developed by the ITU-T, was the first practical digital video compression standard. This format uses a type of Temporal compression.

  9. Common video codecs • WMV(Windows Media Video): Microsoft's video codec designs including WMV 7, WMV 8, and WMV 9. WMV can do high resolution video, but it is known for having high lossy compression due to using spartial compression.

  10. Common video codecs • .rmvb (Real Media Variable Bitrate)- A increasingly popular format used for video today. It’s increasing popularity is due to it’s surprisingly good compression ratio. It achieves this by varying the bitrate of the video according to the amount of action. The less action there is; the smaller the bitrate at that point.This is a type of temporal compression.

  11. Common video formats • MKV(Matroska) is a project to develop an open multimedia container format similar to MPEG's MP4. MKV is a unique format because it allows multiple streams of audio and video to be encoded together. Each stream is also encoded in another format such as MPEG4 or avi.

  12. More video codecs • VOB (DVD-Video Object) –a container format contained in a DVD. VOB files are very similar to MPEG-2 files and can even have their extensions changed to mpeg2 and still play.

  13. Example Divx

  14. Example WMV

  15. Example VOB

  16. Example Avi

  17. Bibliography • www.wikipedia.com • Computer Science Illuminated, Nell Dale & John Lewis,Jones and Bartlett publishers, Sudbury Massachusetts. • Clips taken from Underworld Revolution

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