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Module 1: Introduction to weather, climate & climate change

Learn about the different aspects of climate, weather, and climate change, and their effects on human health in Southeast Asia. Discover trends, projections, and vulnerable regions, and explore ways the health sector can mitigate risks and adapt to the changing climate.

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Module 1: Introduction to weather, climate & climate change

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  1. Module 1: Introduction to weather, climate & climate change

  2. Key messages in Module 1 • It is important to know that there is a difference between weather, climate, climate variability & climate change • Climate change is occurring & has a strong anthropogenic (human) influence • The resulting changing weather patterns can affect human health trends & projections in climate

  3. Key messages in Module 1 • Current & future consequences include sea-level rise, extreme weather events, droughts etc. • The health sector has a role nationally & internationally in preparing for, preventing & coping with the health risks of climate change

  4. Module 1 outline 1 4 3 2 Trends & projections in climate Role of the health sector Health risks of climate change Defining key terms Vulnerable regions of SE Asia Climatic changes to date

  5. 1 Defining key climate terms

  6. Climate terms Climate is what we expect Weather is what we get Climate variability Short-term fluctuations around the average weather Climate change Operates over decades or longer • General circulation models (GCMs) • Based on scenarios, not predictions

  7. Weather vs. climate - Video

  8. 2 Trends & projections in climate

  9. How has the weather changed over your lifetime?

  10. Climate 101 - Video

  11. Temperature variation in Greenland over 100,000 years Source: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (2008)

  12. Temperature over Greenland over past 17,000 years Source: Alley (2000)

  13. Source: Climate Central

  14. Global mean temperature change from 1850 to 2008 relative to 1861 - 1899 Source: Stott et al. (2010)

  15. What does this mean? • The climate is always changing • Since the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide & ambient temperature have increased significantly

  16. Source: Climate Central

  17. Global average surface temperature change – observed & projected Source: IPCC (2013)

  18. Multiple climate hazard map of SE Asia Source: Yusuf & Francisco (2009)

  19. Multiple climate hazard map of SE Asia Source: Yusuf & Francisco (2009)

  20. Climate change vulnerability map of SE Asia Source: Yusuf & Francisco (2009)

  21. Adaptive capacity index Source: Yusuf & Francisco (2009)

  22. 3 The health risks of climate variability & change

  23. IMPACTS EMISSIONS& Land-use Change Source: IPCC (2014)

  24. Many health outcomes are seasonal…

  25. Ways in which climate change may affect human health:

  26. Source: McIver et al. (unpublished)

  27. ACTIVITY: • In a group of 3 please list: • All the ways that climate change is affecting healthin your country/ countries • The department/group who may be responsible for managing this.

  28. Ways in which climate change may affect human health: Source: McIver et al. (2014)

  29. Policy responses to manage the risks of climate change 1. Mitigation • A human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases. 2. Adaptation • Term used by the climate change community to describe the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate & its effects. • Seeks to moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities • Basically, means prevention from the perspective of public health.

  30. Preventing health risks • Reduce exposures: • Legislative policies • Alterations in built environment • Alterations in natural environment • Prevent onset of adverse outcomes: • Early warning systems • Surveillance & monitoring • Vector control programs • Public education & outreach • Response / treatment: • Medical training & awareness • Emergency response Source: Ebi (2009)

  31. 4 The role of the health sector

  32. What do you think the role of the health sector is in managing risks from climate change?

  33. Role of the health sector • Enhance resilience & protect health from climate change • Identify the health benefits (and potential health harms) associated with reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other climate pollutants • Support health-promoting climate change policies

  34. “We stand to lose the most of any country in the world due to climate change & rising sea levels… we will be among the first to go under water.” • Ulu of Tokelau, Mr Foua Kerisiano Toloa

  35. WHO Conference on Health & Climate, August 2014

  36. What we covered in Module 1 1 4 3 2 Trends & projections in climate Role of the health sector Health risks of climate change Defining key terms Vulnerable regions of SE Asia Climatic changes to date

  37. Learning from Module 1 • It is important to know that there is a difference between weather, climate, climate variability & climate change • Climate change is occurring & has a strong anthropogenic (human) influence • The resulting changing weather patterns can affect human health trends & projections in climate

  38. Learning from Module 1 • Current & future consequences include sea-level rise, extreme weather events, droughts etc. • The health sector has a role nationally & internationally in preparing for, preventing & coping with the health risks of climate change

  39. Questions?

  40. Coming up next… Module 2: Population health & climate change: Global & regional perspectives

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