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Gender Paradoxes

Gender Paradoxes. More and more women are entering the workforce (PROduction)…. Malestream theory concentrates on central labour market institutions and the attacks that it’s sustained.

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Gender Paradoxes

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  1. Gender Paradoxes

  2. More and more women are entering the workforce (PROduction)…

  3. Malestream theory concentrates on central labour market institutions and the attacks that it’s sustained Feminist political economists also look at what malestream theory concentrates on, but more specifically they concentrate on how women fit into these institutions and the significant role that social reproduction plays

  4. Social Reproduction: social processes (LABOUR) that is performed daily for generational maintenance of the working populations (kids and homes) SER (standard employment relationship): (the opposite of contingent work) labour market institutions that allow for full-time, year-long employment with one employer, working onsite, and social benefits/entitlements

  5. 1970s – downsizing KWS, ‘increasing’ sex equality in employment, emphasis on flexible labour as opposed to KWS SER type of labour, strengthening collective bargaining by extending it to the public sector with more limitations (gov’t intervention) than is found in the private sector, UI extensions PARADOX: male bread-winner dual work for women

  6. Contingent Work: any form of employment that is characterized by low tenure, wages, limited job security, social benefits, statutory entitlements, substantial health concerns (not your regular 9-5)

  7. 1980s – men’s wages fell (more dependence on women’s wages to maintain the bling), government emphasis on flexibility and deregulation, shift from goods-producing to service employment, men made their way into ‘feminized’ forms of employment (male flight attendants), increased racialization of work (live-in child-care workers, strippers, blah blah blah)

  8. *feminized labour norms: low pay, poor benefits, part-time/temp. work (historically ass. with women) Tip your dancer

  9. 1990s – more restructuring, women’s wages polarized, labour market segmented by age/race/immigration status, people forgot what SER was (but it remains at the core of labour market institutions = ripe for backlash against equity), bi/multi-lateral trade agreements dictating labour market relations (NAFTA) PARADOX: Men get better work as they move through age ranks but women remain consistent  more women working, no raise in pay/position

  10. *contingent work cannot mediate contradiction between production and reproduction; the significance of women’s labour in social reproduction is more visible and actually important

  11. solution: family policies that are sensitive to women’s role in social reproduction, strengthening the public sector… UNIVERSAL CHILDCARE

  12. (some) policy implications: childcare, education, healthcare  universal childcare v. monthly check, new workplace safety campaign, OHIP unloading/reducing coverage, education costing more…

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