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The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method. Define the Problem. Observe the world around you to see what you want to test. Use the five senses: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. Choose a topic and express the problem as an open-ended question.

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The Scientific Method

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  1. The Scientific Method

  2. Define the Problem • Observe the world around you to see what you want to test. • Use the five senses: sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. • Choose a topic and express the problem as an open-ended question. • Use key words: who, what, when, why, where, how, explain, and describe

  3. Define the Problem Questions to ask yourself: • What do I wonder about? • What do I want to find out? • Is it possible to research this topic?

  4. Conduct Research • Make a plan about how you will collect data. • Use a variety of sources, including books, newspapers, magazines, journals, reliable websites, and interviews with experts. • Verify the information is true and related to your question.

  5. Conduct Research Questions to ask yourself: • What do I already know about my topic? • What additional information would help me? • How can I use a variety of sources to gather the information I need? • How can I verify that my sources are reliable?

  6. State a Hypothesis • Make an educated guess about the problem using “I think” or “I guess that” or “If, then” … statements • Write your hypotheses in a statement that makes a claim about how two factors relate to each other. • Write down facts from your preliminary research explaining why you believe your hypotheses is correct.

  7. State a Hypothesis Questions to ask yourself: • What will happen if...? • How long will it take if...? • What would I observe is my hypothesis were true? • How can I test my hypothesis?

  8. Gather Data/Experiment • Decide on a method to test your hypothesis. Then, write or draw the steps of the experiment. • Brainstorm about variables in your experiment: “The _______ depends on _____.” • Create a list of materials you will need. • Conduct your experiment, and record your finding in a journal.

  9. Gather Data/Experiment Questions to ask yourself: • What is the best method to test my hypothesis? • What are the variables of my experiment, including independent, dependent, and constant variables? • What materials will I need to conduct my experiment?

  10. Analyze/Make a Conclusion • Organize and analyze your data using a table, graph, or chart. • Write a summary explaining the results, including how the results relate to your hypothesis. • If the results do not support your hypothesis, start the process over with a new hypothesis based on what you have learned. • If the results prove your hypothesis to be correct, perform the experiment again to see if you get the same results.

  11. Analyze/Make a Conclusion Questions to ask yourself: • Were my methods reliable and my results valid? • Can I do my experiment again and get the same results? • Did my experiment answer my question? • Was my hypothesis correct? • What are some possible reasons for the difference between my hypothesis and the results of the experiment? • How can I experiment further to find a solution?

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