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Chapter 22

Chapter 22. Solutions. Solutions. Solution : a mixture that has the same composition, color, and density throughout Solute : The substance being dissolved Most are solids Solvent : The substance doing the dissolving Water is the universal solvent. How it works.

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Chapter 22

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  1. Chapter 22 Solutions

  2. Solutions • Solution: a mixture that has the same composition, color, and density throughout • Solute: The substance being dissolved • Most are solids • Solvent: The substance doing the dissolving • Water is the universal solvent

  3. How it works • The solvent surrounds the solute and separates molecules or ions pulling them into the solution. • Salt water animation

  4. Liquid Solutions • Solid in liquid: Solute is solid, solvent is liquid. • Salt water, Kool-Aid • Gas in liquid: Solute is gas, solvent is liquid. • CO2 in pop, carbonated water • Liquid in liquid: Both solute & solvent are liquid • Gasoline

  5. Nonliquid solutions • Solid in solid: Both solute & solvent are solids • Alloys/amalgams: brass, stainless steel, sterling silver • Gas in gas: Solute & solvent are gases • Air

  6. Rate of Dissolving Solids • How to speed up the dissolving of a solid solute: • Stirring: brings fresh solvent in contact with the solute. • Crystal Size: smaller particles have a larger exposed surface area. • Larger particles have solute trapped inside not exposed to the solvent • Temperature: solids dissolve faster at higher temperatures because solvent particles bump into the solute more rapidly.

  7. Rates for Gas Solutes • Stirring/Shaking: slows down the dissolving process & can cause gas to come out of solution • Temperature: more gas dissolves when colder • Warm temperatures cause gas to leave, making the solution flat • Pressure: Higher pressures increase the amount of CO2 that dissolves in the liquid. • When pressure is released, the CO2 bubbles out.

  8. Mentos + Soda = ? • Spangler Science--http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muIgLDrZLxE • Jack Thorne Soda and Mentos--http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6_ToMATuCM • EepyBird--http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX4_OrRZa1g

  9. Coke Zero Rocket car--http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-hXcRtbj1Y • The Domino Effect--http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vk4_2xboOE

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