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Chapter 5 – Ecosystems cont’d

Chapter 5 – Ecosystems cont’d. A Simple Ecosystem. Yellowstone Park Hot springs! . What’s a hotspring?. A spring of naturally hot water, typically heated from rocks and minerals under the earth’s crust. How hot? . As hot as 143 degrees !. Why is the ecosystem so simple?.

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Chapter 5 – Ecosystems cont’d

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  1. Chapter 5 – Ecosystems cont’d

  2. A Simple Ecosystem • Yellowstone Park • Hot springs!

  3. What’s a hotspring? • A spring of naturally hot water, typically heated from rocks and minerals under the earth’s crust.

  4. How hot? As hot as 143 degrees !

  5. Why is the ecosystem so simple? • Would you like to live here???

  6. Snow, burning water, acidic water, alkaline water, yikes! • Trophic Level 1 = photosynthetic bacteria and algae • Trophic Level 2 = Ephydrid flies(herbivores) • Trophic Level 3 = dolichopodid fly, dragonflies, wasps, spiders, tiger beetles, killdeer (carnivores) • Trophic level 4 = bacteria

  7. I guess there are some Complications • The Kildeer eats in this ecosystem and lots of other ecosystems. • Should we consider it a total member?

  8. More complications • Ephydrid flies have parasites. How do we add those into the food web?

  9. What maintains it all? • 1. sunlight which provides usable energy • 2. constant flow of hot water which supplies chemical elements and a habitat for bacteria and algae

  10. Hot springs • …only about 20 species • Still pretty complex • See page 85

  11. Different food chains • 1. Oceanic • “pelagic” • 2. Terrestrial • land

  12. Pelagic food chain

  13. Phytoplankton and zooplankton

  14. Journal of the Week -Human Role • Should we include people within the ecosystem’s food web? That would place us within nature. Or should we place people outside of the ecosystem, thus separate from nature?

  15. Energy Flow in Ecosystem • Ecosystem energy flow = the movement of energy through an ecosystem from the external environment through a series of organisms and back to the external environment • 1. Food webs • 2. heat travels through air/water/convection (in ground)

  16. Energy flow, cont’d • First law of thermodynamics • Law of conservation of energy • Energy is neither created nor destroyed, just changed from one form to another • Second law of thermodynamics • No use of energy in the real world can ever be 100% • Energy lost to heat • Entropy energy becomes more and more disorganized as it travels through the ecosystem

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