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HFO Low Global Warming Technology Rene Mueller

HFO Low Global Warming Technology Rene Mueller. Low Global Warming Technology Programs. Honeywell initiated R&D on low global warming programs in 2001 Programs in place for all fluorocarbon applications Multi-year development projects

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HFO Low Global Warming Technology Rene Mueller

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  1. HFO Low Global Warming TechnologyRene Mueller

  2. Low Global Warming Technology Programs • Honeywell initiated R&D on low global warming programs in 2001 • Programs in place for all fluorocarbon applications • Multi-year development projects • Toxicity, environmental & regulatory approvals, performance testing, manufacturing technology development, plant design & construction • Near term low global warming products • 1234ze: 1-component foam, aerosol, … • 1234yf: Mobile air conditioning • Continuing development • Polyurethane foam • Cleaning & deposition solvents • Commercial refrigeration • Stationary air conditioning • 1234ze available in Europe now • Plan to launch 1234yf in 2010 Multiple Products In Development • Early stage development • Significant environmental & toxicity testing to complete • Application validation

  3. Requirements Screening Criteria Prioritize Candidates Low GWP Product Identification • GWP • ODP • Low Toxicity • Nonflammable • Use Existing Equipment • Energy Efficient • Economically Viable • Low GWP • Zero ODP • Nonflammable • Use In Existing System • Manufacturability • Not Known To Be Toxic

  4. +50 Solvent Applications 365mfc +40 Polyurethane Foam (Liquid BA) +30 Chillers (LP) +20o 245fa +10 Decreasing Number Of Molecules Meeting Requirements 0 -10 Polyurethane Foam (Gaseous BA) 227ea Aerosol Propellants -20 XPS Foam 134a Mobile A/C -30 Commercial Refrigeration 22, 407C -40 Stationary A/C 404A -50 410A HFC Replacements – Major Applications Boiling Point, oC

  5. HFO-1234yf HFO-1234ze(E) Vapor Pressure Vs. Temperature Vapor Pressure Vs. Temperature Pressure, MPa Pressure, MPa Temperature, oC Temperature, oC • Environmental • ODP = 0 • GWP100 = 4 • Atmospheric Life: 11 days • Toxicity & Regulatory Approvals • Low toxicity : Honeywell PEL = 400 ppm • Key toxicity testing complete; good results • Notified to ELINCS, hence registered to REACH. Submit HPV update by Dec 1. • U.S. PMN & SNAP applications in progress • Preparing Japanese notification • Environmental • ODP = 0 • GWP100 = 6 • Atmospheric Life: 18 days • Toxicity & Regulatory Approvals • Low toxicity : Honeywell PEL = 1,000 ppm • Significant testing completed; good results • EU Notification Annex VIII Level 1 • ELINCS 471-480-1 • U.S. PMN & SNAP applications in progress • Preparing Japanese notification Excellent Environmental & Toxicological Properties

  6. 1234yf – The Leading Replacement For R-134a In Auto A/C • Excellent environmental properties • Very low GWP of 4, Zero ODP, Favorable LCCP • Atmospheric chemistry determined and published • Low toxicity, similar to R-134a • Low acute and repeated exposure toxicity • Significant testing completed • Initial PEL 400 ppm • System performance very similar to R-134a • Excellent COP and Capacity, no glide • From both internal tests and OEM tests • Thermally stable and compatible with R-134a components • Potential for direct substitution of R-134a • Mild flammability (manageable) • Flammability significantly less than 152a • Expect “A2L” ISO 817 classification versus “A2” for 152a • Potential to use in a direct expansion A/C system • Global Solution • Lowest total cost of transition than any alternative • Good performance in all climates, and car sizes

  7. DuPont and Honeywell feel comfortable with all toxicity test results conducted to date and will continue the commercialization of HFO-1234yf for use in MAC Based on toxicity testing conducted to date, including the second species developmental and the 2-generation reproductive (1-generation interim results) studies, we believe HFO-1234yf will not be classified as a developmental or reproductive toxin, and it will likely be classified as ASHRAE Class A (low toxicity). There appear to be no health safety hazards or properties that would preclude the safe use of HFO-1234yf in MAC applications.

  8. JAMA 1234yf LCCP Results 1234yf LCCP Results Is 20% - 30% Less Than R134a Or CO2

  9. 1234ze(E) – Foam, Aerosol & Refrigerant Applications • Excellent environmental properties • Very low GWP of 6 and zero ODP • Atmospheric chemistry determined and published • Low toxicity • Low acute and repeated exposure toxicity • Significant testing completed • Honeywell preliminary PEL 1,000 ppm • Excellent 1-component foam performance • Essentially a drop-in for 134a • Potential for use in other applications • Aerosol propellant • Extruded polystyrene foam • Polyurethane foam (gaseous blowing agent) • Refrigerant blend component • Regulatory approval in EU for 1,000 mt/year • Assessing larger scale manufacturing options • Timing depends on industry demand

  10. 1234ze(E): One - Component Foam HFC-134a: One-Component Foam 1234ze(E) One-Component Foam Comparison With HFC-134a • One-component polyurethane foam used to seal cracks and openings in construction applications. • Foam is delivered and expanded using HFC-134a from a pressurized container • EU F-Gas regulation requires that one-component foam made after July 4, 2008 use a blowing agent with a GWP < 150 • EU F-Gas regulation requires novelty aerosols made after July 4, 2009 use a propellant with a GWP < 150 • Excellent foam quality on drop-in basis

  11. Performance similar to HFC-134a Exhibits self-nucleation / small cell size Improvement with appropriately chosen co-blowing agent Solubility Similar to HFC-134a at high blowing agent loading Diffusivity / Permeability assessment underway Thermal performance characterization: 1234ze vapor thermal conductivity: 13.0 mW/m·K 142b (12) < 1234ze (13) < 134a (14) < CO2 Soluble across wide range of polyols More soluble than HFC-134a Less soluble than HFC-245fa Processes similarly to HFC-134a Panel lambda equal/better than HFC-134a Foam mechanical properties equal to HFC-134a Thermal performance characterization: 1234ze vapor thermal conductivity: 13.0 mW/m·K 245fa (12) < 1234ze (13) < 134a (14) < CO2 1234ze(E) Thermal Insulation Foam Applications Extruded Polystyrene Foam Rigid Polyurethane Foam Promising For Extruded Thermoplastic Foams Good Replacement For 134aIn Polyurethane Foam

  12. Summary • HFO-1234yf: Moving towards industry decision • Plant design underway • Plant construction will follow industry decision • HFO-1234ze: Launched in Europe for 1-component foam & aerosol • Potentially useful in other applications globally • Timing and scale of larger 1234ze(E) manufacturing asset will depend on demand from all applications • Low GWP blends for stationary applications under development • Working with OEMs to identify the best formulations • Other low GWP products • HBA-2 shows promises a polyurethane blowing agent and a cleaning solvent Thank You

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