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Module 5 Representivity. What’s in Module 5. Who has how much voice? For SP practitioners: ensuring representativity For SP participants: how to have a stronger voice?. Who has how much voice?.
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What’s in Module 5 • Who has how much voice? • For SP practitioners: ensuring representativity • For SP participants: how to have a stronger voice?
Public participation is a rich concept that means different things to different people in different political & cultural environments !
Civil society involvement Source: SAIEA
? How can SP processes ensure representative stakeholder groups?What groups are often left out? From your experience, what factors can constrain participation?
Who are we leaving out? Many stakeholder groups are made up of smaller groups of actors with diverse interests, levels of influence and ability to exercise their rights The most marginalised in a “local community”, generally women or the poorer, often do not have their interests represented by the institutions representing the larger community
Remember what may constrain participation... • Non accessible language • Non accessible information (time, place or format) • Time constraints (time poverty) • Social/ cultural hierarchies (gender- or age-based) • Culture of stakeholder engagement non existent • Lack of interest in the subject
? Should stakeholders help define who should be involved in the process? Write down ideas of how you can ensure a representative list of stakeholders…
Listing the stakeholders... • Ask stakeholders themselves who they preceive the main stakeholders to be • Cross-check the completeness of your stakeholder list: • Sectors (public, private, interest groups, individuals) • Localtion (local, national, regional, international) • Probable interest (directly affected, indirectly affected, possibly interested, and general interest) Source: ELI
? To what extent should the project assist people who cannot participate? Imagine you are organising a SP workshop: how would you ensure representivity?
Inform... • Disseminate information about the SP process and assist those who may not be readily able to take advantage of the SP process • Make information available in distinct places and through media – use existing mechanisms the public uses to receive information Source: ELI
Consider whether groups of the socially excluded have spokespersons who should be included in any preliminary and early discussions to heighten their awareness and include their voice e.g. village elders, tribal leaders, community-minded individuals Source: World Bank
Tailor the process... • Ensure that participation will not take people away from their livelihood activities, or compensate them for their time participating • Use language(s) that is(are) understandable and meaningful to stakeholders • Tailor methods of dissemination and of participation to the targeted stakeholders Source: ELI
“ If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his language, that goes to his heart.” Nelson Mandela
How can stakeholders organise themselves to have a stronger say? ? What to do when you are not being involved? What experiences have people had in SP processes?
To have a stronger say... Representatives: choose an individual or a small group of individuals to represent the community/ organisation’s interests Networks: formal or informal networks, alliances and coallitions may assist you in the SP process Source: SAIEA
To have a stronger say... NGO support: may assist communities in accessing and interpreting information, and participating in SP events Caucusing: before public events, obtain opinions in your community and determine your strategies and objectives of the group. As a representative, always report back to your constituency Source: SAIEA
? What mechanisms and channels exist to get your voice heard? Can you list some mechanisms you have used or know of?…
Some examples Formal government structures By legal and constitutional right, many local/regional authorities will have formal structures established to enable public participation. E.g. Ward committees, independent advisory bodies that serve as a formal communication channels between the community and the council.
Informal structures and networks Existing civil society sectoral groupings and forums can be used for civil society stakeholders and municipalities to come together. These processes should be attended by senior officials with decision-making powers. Media Communities can make use of press or radio, for example, to voice their opinions and concerns
Things to remember... • Make sure you have read and understood all the information provided prior to the SP event • Draw up a list of questions before the event • Ensure you know the aim of the event and prepare a view before attending it • Be prepared to work when you attend events Source: SAIEA
Some final food for thought: Whose process is it after all?