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At Risk and Dependent Drinking: Scope of the Problem

At Risk and Dependent Drinking: Scope of the Problem. Why is SBI Important?. Alcohol problems are common Overall economic cost $185 billion/1998 Risk factor injury and illness Problems occur throughout the life cycle. Scope of the Problem.

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At Risk and Dependent Drinking: Scope of the Problem

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  1. At Risk and Dependent Drinking: Scope of the Problem

  2. Why is SBI Important? • Alcohol problems are common • Overall economic cost $185 billion/1998 • Risk factor injury and illness • Problems occur throughout the life cycle

  3. Scope of the Problem • 31% of adults presenting to and urban ED reported > to 2 CAGE positive (Bernstein, 1996) • 24% of adults presenting by ambulance to an urban ED reported > 2 CAGE positive (Whiteman, 2000) • ED patients are 1.5-3.0 times more likely to report heavy drinking or consequences than those in primary care (Cherpitel, 1999)

  4. Morbidity and Mortality • >107,000 alcohol related deaths each year • 1/3 of adult admissions are alcohol related • Attributable risk factor for multiple illnesses • Major risk factor for all categories of injury • Problem drinkers have 2x injury events/yr and 4x as many hospitalizations for injury • A single alcohol-related visit predicts continued problem drinking

  5. Alcohol-Related Fatalities Source: FARS

  6. BAC Levels for Alcohol Positive Drivers Involved in Alcohol-Related Fatal Crashes .16 = Median and Mode BAC Source: 2002 ARF FARS

  7. Predicted Lives Saved by Countermeasure All OtherCombined Impaired Driving 36% 30% 34% Safety Belts at 90% Use

  8. Youths and Young Adults Youths • 20% of 8th graders and 48% or 12th graders report consuming alcohol in the past month • 12% of 8th graders and 28% of 12th graders report 5 or more drinks on a single occasion (Johnson L, O’Malley P, Bachman J. Monitoring the Future, 2003) Young Adults • Highest prevalence of alcohol consumption • 1400 college students aged 18-24 die each year from alcohol related unintentional injuries • Drivers between the ages of 16-25 account for 30% of alcohol-related fatalities

  9. Elderly • 10% of ED patients with alcohol problems are > 60 years of age • Increased sensitivity to alcohol effects • Associated with depression and suicide attempts, falls and fractures and motor vehicle crashes • At risk for medication interactions

  10. Drinking Patterns in the U. S. Abstain 49% Dependent 7% Risky drinking 29% Low Risk 22% Grant et al. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2004

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