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Chemical Equations

Chemical Equations. Click to continue. Pima Medical Institute Online Education. Chemical Formulas. A chemical formula identifies all of the elements and the number of atoms of each element that make up a compound.

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Chemical Equations

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  1. Chemical Equations Click to continue Pima Medical Institute Online Education

  2. Chemical Formulas A chemical formula identifies all of the elements and the number of atoms of each element that make up a compound When atoms appear in parentheses, the number outside refers to the number of molecules 1 water molecule 2 water molecules (H2O)2 Oxygen Hydrogen O O O H H H2O 2 Hydrogen atoms x 2 = 4 1 Oxygen atom x 2 = 2 No subscript means 1 oxygen atom 2 Hydrogen atoms

  3. Chemical Formuls with Parentheses When atoms appear in parentheses, the number outside refers to the number of molecules Trinitrotoluene molecule C6H2(NO2)3CH3 6 oxygen atoms 3 atoms of nitrogen dioxide 1 nitrogen atom x 3 = 3 2 oxygen atoms x 3 = 6 3 nitrogen atoms 5 hydrogen atoms 7 carbon atoms

  4. Chemical Reaction Direction Reactants Before Products After Water Carbon dioxide Oxygen Methane gas CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Methane gas explosion A chemical reaction is the formation and breaking of chemical bonds Synthesis Decomposition Exchange Compounds are broken down Compounds are created Compounds are exchanged

  5. Chemical Reaction The mass of the reactantsis the same as the mass of products The equation needs to be balanced Water Carbon dioxide Oxygen Methane gas CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Matter can neither be created nor destroyed 1 C atom 4 H atoms 2 O atoms 1 C atom 2 H atoms 3 O atoms The arrow means “yields” not equals Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space

  6. Balancing an Equation You can only change the number of molecules, not atoms CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O 2Reactant Product Reactant  Product 2 Coefficients are multiplied by the molecule 2 x 2 = 4 H atoms 2 x 1 = 2 O atoms H2O Never change the subscript when balancing an equation

  7. Balancing an Equation You can only change the number of molecules, not atoms CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O 2 CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O 2 2 x 2 = 4 O atoms

  8. Practical Application When will I ever need to balance an equation? Oh no! That’s not good. Alkalosis! That’s not good either. Acid-Base Balance in Animals Understand the steps and clinical implications of an unbalanced chemical equation • Normal Blood pH: 7.3 to 7.4 • Bodies must maintain pH balance and homeostasis CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- If HCO3- is added, H+ will decrease and raise pH If CO2 is added, H+ will increase and lower pH

  9. Resources: sciencefairwater.com dipity.com Do you need more information on how to balance an equation? Learn More

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