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Real-time Bus Information on Mobile Devices. Stuart D. Maclean, Daniel J. Dailey ITS Research Program University of Washington, Seattle, WA. ITS/UW research efforts use computer and communication technologies to solve transportation problems
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Real-time Bus Information on Mobile Devices Stuart D. Maclean, Daniel J. Dailey ITS Research Program University of Washington, Seattle, WA
ITS/UW research efforts use computer and communication technologies to solve transportation problems Regional resource for sharing of real-time and archived transport data Web-hosted information systems Background
To tell people when their bus will really arrive To deliver the information using wireless technology Goals
Transit Information Systems • Static schedules • Real-time vehicle locations • Departure time predictors
MyBus Predictor System • Real-time information, not schedules • AVL reports from transit operator • Kalman filter tracking technology • Predictor uses: • current bus location • scheduled speeds • trip history • environment conditions
Need for Mobile Information • Like MyBus, most public transport information systems are web-based • But people need transit information most when they aren’t online
Wireless Internet • Wireless Technologies • Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) • Wireless Markup Language (WML) • Enabled Devices • Cell Phones • Personal Digital Assistants
Cell Phone Web Browsing HTTP WML Wireless Network Web Server WAP Gateway WAP WML HTML Filter HTTP WML HTTP HTML
Transit Info On Cell Phones? • Large-scale Transit Operation • Many vehicles • Wide coverage • Small Cell Phones • Display is ~12 characters wide, 4 rows • Non-numeric input difficult
Bus Trip Parameters • Boarding location • Destination • Route number • Geographic landmark, GPS • Time of day
Timepoint A location at which buses are scheduled to arrive or depart at specified times Typically street intersections Named and numbered by transit operator Not every bus stop is a timepoint Scheduling
User enters timepoint number and route Browser gets prediction data from server Real-time predictions displayed on screen MyBus Phone Interface
72 express to downtown will depart from University Way and NE 45th St at ten past eleven 72 express to Lake City will depart at four minutes to eleven 11:00 = bus will depart at 11:00 10d44 = bus departed at 10:44 10*45 = no info, scheduled at 10:45 Departures Display
Example Transit Agency • Metro King County, Seattle, Washington • 1200 buses in service simultaneously • 80,000 scheduled events per day • 1700-square-mile transit region • AVL reports every 1-3 minutes per bus • MyBus predicts actual event time for every scheduled event
MyBus WAP Site Usage • Averaging 100 hits per day since Sept 2000 release • Peaks at 8 am and 5 pm weekdays suggests usage for work commute • UP.Browser software accounts for 75% of all hits
Conclusions • Cell phones are suitable devices for accessing real-time transit information • Usage and feedback imply real value in this form of information MyBus Web: mybus.org MyBus Wap: mybus.org/wml/