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Day 1 – Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Programming Languages

Day 1 – Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Programming Languages. Python Mini-Course University of Oklahoma Department of Psychology. Lesson objectives. Describe the basic structure of the Python language Use the IDLE interactive interpreter

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Day 1 – Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Programming Languages

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  1. Day 1 – Lesson 2Fundamentals of Programming Languages Python Mini-Course University of Oklahoma Department of Psychology Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  2. Lesson objectives • Describe the basic structure of the Python language • Use the IDLE interactive interpreter • Identify three kinds of errors that occur in programming and describe how to correct them Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  3. Formal languages • Designed for specific apps • Ex: mathematical notation • Have strict rules for syntax • 3 + 3 = 6 • 3+ = 3$6 (bad syntax) • Are literal and unambiguous • Structure is critical Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  4. Programming languages • Formal languages that are designed to express computations and algorithms • Low level • One step removed from the 1’s and 0’s used by the computer • High level • More human-friendly languages Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  5. Translating • High level language must be translated into low level language by either: • Interpreter (at run-time) • Compiler (creates a file containing executable object code) • Python is an interpreted language Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  6. Starting IDLE Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  7. Programs • Programs are sequences of instructions • Input • Output • Math and data manipulation • Conditional execution • Repetition Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  8. The “Hello, World” program Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  9. Scripts • A script is a file that contains a program in a high-level language for an interpreter • Python scripts are text files ending in .py • Create HelloWorld.py Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  10. Executing scripts • Python scripts are run in a “shell” • This can be IDLE, a terminal shell (OS X, Linux, Unix), or a command prompt window (MS Windows) • Run HelloWorld.py in IDLE Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  11. Debugging • You will make mistakes while programming! • These mistakes are called “bugs” and the process of tracking them down and eliminating them is debugging Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  12. Syntax Errors • All programming languages are picky about syntax • Try this: • 1 + 2) + 3 • Syntax errors can be identified using automated code checking (color coding) and by error messages Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  13. Runtime errors • Errors that occur when program is running • Also called “exceptions” • Ex: runtime.py • Identified by testing the program (this includes using test modules) Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

  14. Semantic or logical error • Program runs (and does exactly what you told it to do) • But you made a mistake in the design or implementation • Identified by case-based testing Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 2

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