New model of cooperation between LEA’s and civil society

1. New model of cooperation between LEA’s and civil society Summary of the work carried out so far 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

2. Presenting the 5.4 Deliverable 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

3. Content of the 5.4 Deliverable • 1. Introduction • Analysis of the current tools and means of communication between law enforcement agencies and civil society within the EU; • Examine the most recent collaboration methods between leas and civil society actors; • Identification of good practices, as well as a road map for the use of new models of collaboration; • Development of a new cooperation model between leas and civil society actors that incorporates the past and present good practices and increases their potential by adding new ways of connecting. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

4. Content of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use • Who needs to communicate and in what way? • Communication between LEAs and Civil society organizations? • Opportunity for citizens to communicate between themselves and if this interaction needs an informed moderator? 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

5. Content of the 5.4 Deliverable 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

6. Content of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use: • To Study a new model of cooperation between LEAs and civil society, it was necessary to gather all LEAs contributes by answering a questionnaire. • The answers provided by 7 LEAs representing 6 countries (Belgium, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal and Spain), gave the possibility to identify successful models and some of the major difficulties, as well as the new models in use. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

7. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use: • 2.1. Successful models and reasons of success • The relation with civil society is mainly based on a regular personal meetings program (building trust); • Effective communication links with schools, universities, vulnerable communities, shelters, health centers, industry, social and trade union representatives and religious community leaders (building trust and intelligence gathering); 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

8. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use: • 2.1. Successful models and reasons of success • Internet Police office that receives information and handles reports, possible to request specific information, report crime, consult news and frequently asked questions and access the thematic forum (fast paced information gathering, accountability); • Some Police organizations provide information via social media about their operations, activities and good practices (connecting with citizens were they actually spend lots of time). 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

9. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use: • 2.2. Unsuccessful case studies and reasons for their failure • Resentment towards Police in some communities that live in deep cultural, religious, linguistic and educational separation from the State; • LEAs are seen as an enemy, able only to arrest individuals, and not as a partner they turn to for advice or even to report specific types of behavior; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

10. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 2. Analysis of the model in use: • 2.2. Unsuccessful case studies and reasons for their failure • Lack of insight in to the field of violent radicalization, and the absence of interest from the point of view of the population, makes this issue an ignored subject to be discussed with civil society (Latvia, Portugal…); • Almost all of the interaction with civil society is done on a personal basis, the younger generations are mostly communicating by using social media. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

11. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 3. Studying of the factors that favor certain models and why other models are “less favorable”: • First of all, and most important is the lack of trust, this theme has been widely approached in the TRIVALENT project deliverable “Analysis of the current relationship between LEAs and civil society” (Deliverable 5.3). • Language barriers; • Way of upbringing; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

12. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 3. Studying of the factors that favor certain models and why other models are “less favorable”: • Lack of time and interest in public security; • Lack of personnel and material means; • Police plans based mainly on reactive actions; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

13. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 3. Studying of the factors that favor certain models and why other models are “less favorable”: • Inadequate or non-existent communication channels; • Need for specialized training. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

14. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 4. The new communicating era in LEAs interaction with Civil Society: • Technological tools and social media are the future of communication, and the factors that favour certain models are undoubtedly connected to the correct use of these tools. • In the European Union according to “Digital agenda for Europe” , the citizens interacting online with public authorities were predicted to be in 2015, half of the EU population. • Through social media, Police organizations are building trust and promoting openness. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

15. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 5. Identification of new models that have potential to improve the cooperation between LEA’s and civil society, mainly the exploration of social media and other technological platforms: • The gap between LEAs and Civil Society can be reduced by the use of technological platforms by which anonymous people can get knowledge and seek help for situations they feel that is out of control, there are ways to connect and seek help without having to go to a police station. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

16. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 5. Identification of new models…: • In the family environment a case of radicalization (son/daughter) will be more likely be dealt with in a close contact logic while looking for help or guidance, the last place where family members will go to is the Police. • Women play an all-important role in families and communities, but they need a forum were to express concerns, and when they seek specialized help, LEAs should be there for them, to give advice and to be informed of the early signs of a terror attack. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

17. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 5. Identification of new models …: • Introducing the concept of getting people to connect with others that might have a similar problem, provide guidance and support, and if necessary, indicate a path to specialized support (NGOs or LEAs). • The development of an IT tool called “Chatbot” , which uses a set of pre-defined answers to questions posing as a human, this model allows for people in civil society to interact, pose questions or explain their doubts. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

18. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 5. Identification of new models …: • The use of this tool has the potential for reducing the “labelling” towards minority groups, because the interaction with the “Chatbot” is free from prejudice. • The possibility of connection with people that share the same problem, presenting a possibility to direct them to specialized help according to the answers given to the “Chatbot”. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

19. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Legal framework: • It is necessary a review of the legislative framework of each country in order to check its compliance with international standards and norms; • Users must understand that facing crime or in presence of a real threat to people lives or property, is mandatory to inform the responsible LEAs; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

20. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Legal framework: • There is a need for a legal framework to enable anonymous family and specialized volunteer involvement in the communication forum process; • It is recommended to introduce a standard control procedure / algorithm to assess the risk of imminent terrorist attack, analysing the content of the dialog used in the IT communication tool. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

21. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Civil Society information and LEAs staff training: • More practical guidelines are needed on how to deal with indicators of an undergoing radicalization process, how to recognize them and how to manage an effective counter-narrative; • Training and support on radicalization process awareness is needed for all LEAs staff, particularly community policing officers; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

22. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Civil Society information and LEAs staff training: • A curriculum with specific modules should be developed for each category of employees involved in training; • LEAs officers should receive special training on how provide useful advice for family members and NGOs; • Peer interventions with others that had experienced the same problems offer a means to improve copping techniques and adequate responses to the problem, although these persons (the ones providing guidance), need special training on peer support (and its potential risks). 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

23. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Infrastructure/services/resources: • Special units /sections for community policing and dealing with the radicalization issue should be created in LEAs; • Increase the number of specialisedunits to connect with Civil Society and NGOs, using the new technological communicating platforms; • Increase or create a modernization program for equipment (Smartphones, tablets…) and generalize the access of LEAs operatives to online platforms and recent technological platforms; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

24. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Infrastructure/services/resources: • Increase the number of terrorism and violent extremism specialists, especially focused in the behaviourdynamics and cultural diversity issues; • Ensure more information / education programs on schools and other community centres, which include parents, family or youth groups, and increase the number of specialists to guide these activities; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

25. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 6. Presenting a roadmap for the implementation of the model: • Infrastructure/services/resources: • Every LEAs counter-terrorism unit should have a specialist who has responsibility for advising those who contact seeking guidance and support; • Countries with a significant number of youngsters at risk should look into the possibility of schemes where trained Civil Society members and NGOs provide support under supervision as an addition to LEAs community policing and counter-terrorism units. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

26. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 7. Conclusions: • The violent radicalization process is a “road” that has several moments, during this “journey” the individual undergoes several changes that initially are noticed more easily by persons more close to him/her, these people are often family or close friends (especially in self-radicalization); • On a second line the same changes can be detected by a network of relations that the individual might have (social group, friends, religious community and civil society organizations); 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

27. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 7. Conclusions: • LEAs are now using social media analysis to stop crime before it happens. Predictive policing is an area of intelligence focused on what is likely to occur; • The use of a friendly platform that serves as a mutual gain tool, to improve help to those who need it, and also the communication tool to alert LEAs of violent radicalization cases in order to prevent attacks; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

28. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 7. Conclusions: • There should be a clearly informed knowledge that LEAs are available to help if necessary (upon request by the user or recommendation from a civil society actor), if a terrorist crime is likely to occur, the Police and all citizens are compelled to intervene; 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

29. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 7. Conclusions: • Community Policing programs are so important, they bring together people from all sectors of society, they create trust bonds, and they are privileged two ways communication channels; • The education to raise awareness in schools, youth-groups and parents groups. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

30. Overall structure of the 5.4 Deliverable • 7. Conclusions: • Terrorism, regardless of the ideology behind it, must be prevented initially by those who have the possibility of detecting the (sometimes) subtle changes in the violent radicalization process, they must have a “place” to seek comfort, advice and guidance to their (our) problems. 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome

31. We need your feedback and ideas on how to improve the 5.4 Deliverable Thank You 27 June 2019, General Assembly, Rome