Teaching Tips: English for Self-direction

Teaching Tips:English for Self-direction Unit 11 Notes and Summaries Ajarn Khacheenuj Chaovanapricha Business English Program

Introduction of Unit 11 • In this unit, students will learn how to skim and scan texts used in everyday life to get the main idea of the reading passage. • They will identify meanings of some vocabularies in context. • Phrasal verbs are also presented for grammar practice. • Then the structure of writing notes and summaries is introduced as a model. • Finally, students will have an opportunity to write their own notes and summaries

Language and Grammar Phrasal verbs or Two-word verbs Sometimes verbs are followed by a word like in. off, at. etc., and this can change the meaning of the verb. • Can you stay after work to play tennis? • We should also stay away from food that is high in cholesterol. (We should avoid food that is not good for us.) does not change the meaning of the verb stay normal preposition gives the verb ‘stay’ a different meaning avoid This is called ‘phrasal verbs or two-word verbs

Separable phrasal verbs Sometimes it is possible to separate the two parts of a phrasal verb. If the object is a noun, we can put it in two places. • We had to putthe meeting off. (postpone or delay the meeting) • We had to put offthe meeting. If the object is a pronoun (i.e. me, you, him, her, it, etc.), it must come after the verb: • We had to put it off.

Common separable phrasal verbs are shown in the box below. back…up give…up put…off ring…up make…up clear…up • hold…up put…throughlook…up • close…downthrow…awaykeep…down • take…over cut…off fill…in

Inseparable phrasal verbs Some two-part phrasal verbs and all three-part phrasal verbs are inseparable. Many inseparable verbs do not have objects: • We are going to run out of money. • He’ll never get away with it. • We should stick to the exercise.

Common inseparable phrasal verbs are shown in the box below. • back out of cut down on look after look into • run into break down do without get over • go through take up call on get on with • come down hold on turn up

Random! Back out of Fill in Run into Cut off Take over Go through Throw away Come down SPIN! Keep down Cut down on Break down Get on with Get over Take up Look into Hold on Turn up Look after Call on Do without

Back out of (something) • to decide not to do something that you had said you would do • withdraw from (an agreement) • pull out of • cancel • abandon

Cut down on • to do or use less of something • to make a reduction • lessen • lower • decrease Example: I’m trying to cut down on caffeine. • She used to work 50 hours a week, but recently she's cut down.

Run into • to meet unexpectedly • Meet • bump into • encounter • Example: Jack ran into his friend in the corridor.

Break down • to cease to function • stop working • stop • fail • Their partnership broke down after too many disagreements. • Their car broke down. • พัง เสีย ความล้มเหลว

Ring (sb/sth) up • To make a phone call to someone • She rang me up to say she couldn’t come. • Ring up someone • To telephone someone

Call on someone • to make an appeal or request to • request • ask • visit Example: He was frequently called on to resolve conflicts. I’m leaving early tomorrow to call on a friend.

Get over (something) • To recover from (an illness or unhappy experience) • Get better from • Survive • Bounce back • Get well Example: it took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death.

What is it? Game

Recover from an illness 1 What is it? Get over (something) 2 Overcome (a problem) 3 Get better from ANSWER

1 Stop working What is it? Break down 2 Fail 3 To cease to function ANSWER

1 To move backwards What is it? Back up To support (sb/sth) 2 3 To prepare a second copy of a file ANSWER

1 To stop trying to guess What is it? Give up 2 To stop trying to do sth. before you’ve finished 3 Acceptance ANSWER

1 To meet unexpectedly What is it? Run into 2 Meet 3 Bump into ANSWER

1 Get rid of What is it? 2 Discard 3 กำจัด Throw away ANSWER

Comprehension Check Exercise C: In the following sentences, choose the best option from the words A-D. 1. The ‘IPhone 7 Plus’ is expensive, but if you wait, prices will ______________. • A. back down B. run down C. turn down D. come down 2. I agree, and if they criticize you at the meeting. I will ____________. • A. back you up B. back you down C. back you in D. back you out 3. By the way, I ___________ Jane in York, and she sends you her regards. • looked into B. turned into C. came into D. ran into 4, Could you ring British Airways and _____ if there are any seats on the flight to Rome? • A. find up B. find in C. find over D. find out 5. I drink a lot of water and I _____________ greasy, heavy foods. • back out of B. get on with C. stay away from D. run out of

1. The ‘IPhone 7 Plus’ is expensive, but if you wait, prices will ______________. B A come down turn down run down D back down C tekhnologic >

2. I agree, and if they criticize you at the meeting. I will ____________. B A back you down back you up back you in D back you out C tekhnologic >

3. By the way, I ___________ Jane in York, and she sends you her regards. B A looked into came into ran into D turned into C tekhnologic >

4, Could you ring British Airways and _____ if there are any seats on the flight to Rome? B A find up find in find over D find out C tekhnologic >

5. To get healthy, I drink a lot of water and _____________ greasy, heavy foods. B A back out of get on with stay away from D run out of C tekhnologic >

Additional Resources • Collins Dictionary Thesaurus https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-thesaurus • English Club https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/phrasal-verbs-list.htm

Sources: https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/releases/take-notes-by-hand-for-better-long-term-comprehension.html

Test Yourself Answer these questions. • When should you take notes? • Why do you need to take down notes? • What are the important parts of a note? • When do you need to write a summary? • What are the parts of the summary?

https://www.trcc.commnet.edu/div_academics/tasc/OnlineWorkshops/Cornell_Notes.shtmlhttps://www.trcc.commnet.edu/div_academics/tasc/OnlineWorkshops/Cornell_Notes.shtml

http://drwillbe.blogspot.com/2010/11/study-skills.html Keywords

Example

Reading: Skimming • Skimming is high-speed reading technique that can save you time and help you get through lots of material quickly. • When you skim, you should not read the whole text (get the general sense of a passage, not specific details).

Comprehension Check Exercise A:Skim the article “How to keep your brain healthy”. Match topic sentences a-e with paragraphs 1-5. Title (ชื่อเรื่อง) Topic sentence (ประโยคที่อธิบาย ความคิดหลักของทั้งย่อหน้า) Paragraph (ย่อหน้า)

Comprehension Check Exercise A:Skim the article “How to keep your brain healthy”. Match topic sentences a-e with paragraphs 1-5. Example How to keep your brain healthy 1. Most people know how to keep their bodies healthy. They know they should eat a good diet and try to get plenty of exercise and sleep. They should also avoid smoking, drinking, etc. However, do you know that we can also take steps to keep our brains healthy? Experts bring this up and recommend the following tips to keep your brain in good shape.

Comprehension Check Exercise A:Skim the article “How to keep your brain healthy”. Match topic sentences a-e with paragraphs 1-5. How to keep your brain healthy 2. ___________________________. We exercise our bodies by waling, swimming, or going to the gym, but we can also do workouts for our brains. For example, we can try quizzes and word puzzles, or solve mathematical problems. This will keep the nerve cells sharp. It may also help to create new cells. First of all, it is important to stay mentally active.

Group work:Show me the picture of your summary!

Group work: Jigsaw Reading Activity

KEYWORDS

Notes • How to keep body healthy • A good diet • Exercise, sleep • Avoid smoking • But we can also keep trains healthy. How? • Mentally active • Exercises for the brain, e.g.: • Quizzes • Puzzles • Maths problems • Keep nerve cells sharp (creates new cells?)

How to keep your brain healthy 1. Most people know how to keep their bodies healthy. They know they should eat a good diet and try to get plenty of exercise and sleep. They should also avoid smoking, drinking, etc. However, do you know that we can also take steps to keep our brains healthy? Experts bring this up and recommend the following tips to keep your brain in good shape. • Notes • How to keep body healthy • A good diet • Exercise, sleep • Avoid smoking • But we can also keep trains healthy. How? phrasal verbs or two-word verbs bring = นำมา, bring up = mention เอ่ยถึงหรือกล่าวถึง ‘up’ gives the verb ‘bring’ a different meaning

How to keep your brain healthy 2. ___________________________. We exercise our bodies by walking, swimming, or going to the gym, but we can also do workouts for our brains. For example, we can try quizzes and word puzzles, or solve mathematical problems. This will keep the nerve cells sharp. It may also help to create new cells. • Notes • Mentally active • Exercises for the brain, e.g.: • - Quizzes • - Puzzles • - Maths problems • Keep nerve cells sharp (creates new cells?) First of all, it is important to stay mentally active.

How to keep your brain healthy 3. ____________________________. This means that we should cheer up and socializeby joining clubs and social groups. We can also get together with other people by travelling to other countries, or learning new skills. For example, we can do courses to learn skiing, dancing, or a new language. Another thing we can do is to be socially active.

Comprehension Check Exercise A:Skim the article “How to keep your brain healthy”. Match topic sentences a-e with paragraphs 1-5. How to keep your brain healthy 4. ____________________________. We know that exercise is beneficialfor the body. However, it is also good for the brain. It keeps a good flow of blood to the brain, and encourages new cells so we should stick to the exercises. Of course, the brain is a very delicate organ. It is easily damaged, so people who like dangerous activities should be very careful. Physical activity is also important.

Teaching Tips: English for Self-direction