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7-3.2 Vocabulary

7-3.2 Vocabulary. 1. Napoleonic Code 2. Napoleonic Wars 3. Continental System 4. Nationalism 5. Congress of Vienna 6. Junkers 7. Realpolitik 8. Unification. The Napoleonic Wars and Nationalism.

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7-3.2 Vocabulary

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  1. 7-3.2 Vocabulary • 1. Napoleonic Code • 2. Napoleonic Wars • 3. Continental System • 4. Nationalism • 5. Congress of Vienna • 6. Junkers • 7. Realpolitik • 8. Unification

  2. The Napoleonic Wars and Nationalism 7-3.2- Analyze the effects of the Napoleonic Wars; spread of nationalism in Europe (Congress of Vienna, revolutionary movements of 1830 and 1848, and unification of Germany and Italy)

  3. 1. Napoleon’s Empire • After crowning himself emperor, Napoleon created the Napoleonic Codes that created a new legal system in France- equality, right to choose a career, and religious toleration. • The Napoleonic Wars began in 1804 and by 1812, Napoleon controlled most of Europe. • Napoleon was never able to control Russia or Great Britain.

  4. 2. Napoleon’s Downfall • Napoleon made 3 major mistakes: • Blockade of Britain (Continental System)- kept ships from ports on the mainland of Europe • Peninsular War • Invasion of Russia

  5. 3. The End of Napoleon • After that Napoleon was captured and exiled to the island of Elba. • He escaped and Napoleon returned to Paris where he regained control for 100 Days. • At the Battle of Waterloo, Napoleon was finally defeated and sent to the island of St. Helena where he died in 1821.

  6. 4. Effects of the Napoleonic Wars • Nationalism (the belief that one’s greatest loyalty is to a shared culture rather than to a leader or border) spread! • Enlightenment ideas spread • Napoleon tried to impose French culture on conquered countries • Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite became the rallying cry for revolutions all over Europe!

  7. 5. The Congress of Vienna • In 1814, European leaders met in Vienna, Austria to return Europe to the way it was before the French Revolution. • Their goal was to bring a Balance of Power that would prevent any single nation from controlling Europe. • It was too late! Over the next century, groups of people either joined together in unification, or splintered.

  8. Assorted European Upheavals • 1821- Greeks rebel against the Ottoman Empire • 1830s- Belgium, Italy and Russia • 1848- Liberal revolutions across Europe are suppressed by conservative groups • France- After allowing 2 more kings to rule, France establishes a parliamentary system. Soon afterwards, the President declares himself Emperor. :-/

  9. 6. Unification of Germany • The German Confederation was comprised of 39 loosely joined states. Austria and Prussia were the largest and most powerful. • German leaders wanted to unify all the states in order to become even more powerful.

  10. 6. Unification of Germany cont. • The Prussian leader was Wilhelm I, a member of the Junkers, a conservative political party. • The Prussians were embroiled in militarism, the glorification of a military culture. • His Prime Minister was Otto von Bismarck who ruled through the policy of realpolitik, or the “politics of reality.” • Bismarck was determined that unification of Germany would occur by using blood and iron.

  11. 6. Unification of Germany cont. • The Germans fought 3 wars of Unification with Denmark, Austria, and France. • Austria and Germany formed an alliance to take land from Denmark. • Bismarck provoked Austria into beginning the Seven Weeks War. • By changing the wording of the Ems Telegram, Bismarck provoked France into declaring war on Germany. • After the Franco-Prussian War, German unification was complete!

  12. 7. UNIFICATION OF ITALY • Italy was also divided into multiple states. • Count Camillo di Cavour planned to unite Northern Italy. • Giuseppe Garibaldi, the leader of the Red Shirts, used guerrilla warfare to win control of Southern Italy. • In 1861, northern and southern states agreed to become a united Italy, ruled by King Victor Emmanuel II.

  13. 8. The End…. • After the wars of unification, the great powers of Europe remained at peace for over forty years despite the occasional nationalist dispute… • Dun, Dun, DUN………

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