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RENAISSANCE MONARCHY

RENAISSANCE MONARCHY. England 1485-1660. Henry VIII 2 nd in the Tudor Family 1509-1547. Second Son of Henry VII Renaissance Man Six Wives: Divorced, beheaded, died Divorced, beheaded, survived Responsible for Reformation in England. Wife #1 Catherine of Aragon (Spain).

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RENAISSANCE MONARCHY

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  1. RENAISSANCE MONARCHY England 1485-1660

  2. Henry VIII 2nd in the Tudor Family1509-1547 • Second Son of Henry VII • Renaissance Man • Six Wives: • Divorced, beheaded, died • Divorced, beheaded, survived • Responsible for Reformation in England

  3. Wife #1Catherine of Aragon (Spain) • A devout Catholic • Gives birth to Mary “Bloody Mary” • Wants a divorce from her to marry his mistress Anne Boleyn---whole process starts the Church of England-Protestant Reformation in England begins.

  4. Wife #2Anne Boleyn • Gives birth to Elizabeth I • Was prone to tantrums-sharp tongued • Accused by Henry of infidelity with five men • Henry has her and the five men killed.

  5. Wife #3Jane Seymour • Henry marries her 20 days after Anne Boleyn is beheaded • She is gentle and meek • Gives birth to Edward VI (male heir) • She dies 12 days after Edward is born

  6. Wife #4Anne of Cleves • German born • She is unattractive • Henry must keep his oath of marriage • She grants him a divorce • She outlives Henry

  7. Wife #5Katherine Howard • 15 or 16 years old when married • Marries Katherine 20 days after divorce from Anne of Cleves • Henry called her “a rose without a thorn” • Cousin of Anne Boleyn • Dies in 1542

  8. Wife #6Katherine Parr • More of a nurse than a wife • In love with Jane Seymour’s brother, Thomas • She is an intellect • Has radical religious views • Henry orders her arrest and she takes to her room and cries. Henry reverses decision. • Marries her “true love” after Henry dies, but Seymour betrays her and tries to seduce her stepdaughter, Elizabeth. • Dies in childbirth in 1548.

  9. Edward VI1547-1553 • Only son of Henry VIII • Nine when he takes the throne • Katherine Parr (wifey #6) overseas his education. • Devout Protestant, serious and studious, and has a savage temper. • Dies at 16 from tuberculosis • Sister Mary is suppose to take throne

  10. Book of Common Prayer1549 • One of the major works of English literature • First prayer book to contain forms of service for daily and Sunday worship in English • Connect biblical tradition with people’s own experiences. • Major Theme-Christian life as a journey • Has undergone several revisions • Now appears in many variations in churches in over 50 countries and 150 languages.

  11. Lady Jane Grey1553 ***rules for 9 days • Her mother is a niece of Henry VIII • Probably childhood friends with Edward VI • Parents dream of her marrying Edward but instead she marries son of duke of Northumberland • duke of Northumberland has Henry put Lady Jane Grey on throne • Takes throne unwillingly, later beheaded by “Bloody Mary”

  12. Mary I “Bloody Mary” 1553-1558 • Only surviving child of Henry VIII and wife #1, Catherine of Aragon • Devout Catholic • Shuffled around from kingdom to kingdom • Officially became a “bastard” in 1533, never accepts this status…regains status after death of Anne Boleyn • Marries Prince Philip of Spain, he later leaves • Almost 300 people burned alive during her reign • Lonely and unhappy she dies on Nov. 17, 1588

  13. Elizabeth I1558-1603 • Gloriana, The Virgin Queen or “The Faerie Queen” • Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn • She was also considered illegitimate (like Mary) when her mother was executed. • Disturbed by Katherine Howard’s execution (wife #5), Elizabeth remarks that she will never marry—decision shapes her life. • Greatest Monarch in English history • Last of Tudor Monarchs

  14. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland • Great Niece of Henry VIII • Elizabeth urged to marry and produce heirs so Mary Stuart will not take throne. • Mary Stuart was catholic and there were many conspiracies to overthrow Elizabeth to place Mary Stuart on throne. • Mary Stuart is arrested in 1568, but not executed by Elizabeth until 1587.

  15. James I1603-1625 • Son of Mary, Queen of Scots • Unites England and Scotland under one crown for the first time • Commissions many of Shakespeare’s plays • Dies in 1625.

  16. Charles I1625-1649 • Son of James I • Conflicts with Parliament led to English Civil War • The royalist Cavaliers lost to Puritan forces, called “Roundheads” and the king was imprisoned-later convicted of treason. • Royal family goes into exhile.

  17. English Civil War &Oliver Cromwell 1642-1649 • The new commonwealth was ruled over by Oliver Cromwell • Monarchy is not restored until 1660 when Charles I’s son, Charles II returns from France to England. • Rule of Charles II marks end of Renaissance.

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