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CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI - LECTURE A

CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI - LECTURE A. NBIO 401 – Wednesday, October 3, 2012. Objective for the first two cranial nerve lectures, those about cranial nerve nuclei : -Be able to summarize the function and location of each cranial nerve nucleus. Cranial Nerve Nuclei Introductory Organization. I.

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CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI - LECTURE A

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  1. CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI - LECTURE A NBIO 401 – Wednesday, October 3, 2012

  2. Objective for the first two cranial nerve lectures, those about cranial nerve nuclei: -Be able to summarize the function and location of each cranial nerve nucleus.

  3. Cranial Nerve Nuclei Introductory Organization

  4. I II Optic Nerve III V VI VII VIII IX X XII

  5. I ONLY III - XII II Optic Nerve III V VI VII VIII IX X XII

  6. I CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI A = III - V II Optic Nerve III V VI VII VIII IX X XII

  7. I CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI B = VI - XII II Optic Nerve III V VI VII VIII IX X XII

  8. GENERAL SOMATIC CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory GSA and SSA Motor GSE Oculomotor III (eye muscles) Mesencephalic Trigeminal V (jaw muscle spindles) Main Sensory Trigeminal V (face touch & proprioception) Trochlear IV (eye muscles) Vestibular/ Cochlear VIII (vestibular & auditory signals from the inner ear) Abducens VI (eye muscles) Spinal Trigeminal V (face pain) Hypoglossal XII (tongue muscles)

  9. GENERAL VISCERAL CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory GVA Motor GVE Edinger-Westphal III (constricts pupil - parasympathetic) Superior salivatory VII (drives salivary glands - parasympathetic) Inferior salivatory IX (drives salivary glands - parasympathetic) Solitarius (caudal half) VII, IX, X (sensory information for autonomic control) Dorsal motor n. of X (parasympathetic drive to smooth muscles & organs in chest and abdomen)

  10. SPECIAL VISCERAL CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory SVA Motor SVE Motor Trigeminal V (chewing muscles) Facial VII (muscles of facial expression) Solitarius (rostral half) VII, IX, X (taste) n. Ambiguus IX, X (muscles of the pharynx & larynx)

  11. sulcus limitans (divides motor nuclei [medial] and sensory nuclei (lateral]).

  12. sulcus limitans (divides motor nuclei [medial] and sensory nuclei (lateral]).

  13. sulcus limitans

  14. Motor nuclei locations

  15. General Somatic Efferents lie close to the midline

  16. General Visceral Efferents lay laterally to the General Somatic Efferents

  17. Cranial Nerve Nuclei III-V The Oculomotor (IIIrd) Nucleus

  18. Edinger Westphal nucleus (constricts the pupil) Oculomotor nucleus (motoneurons for eye muscles) Oculomotor nerve (to eye muscles & pupil muscles)

  19. General Somatic Efferents lie close to the midline

  20. GENERAL SOMATIC CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory GSA and SSA Motor GSE Oculomotor III (eye muscles) Mesencephalic Trigeminal V (jaw muscle spindles) Main Sensory Trigeminal V (face touch & proprioception) Trochlear IV (eye muscles) Vestibular/ Cochlear VIII (vestibular & auditory signals from the inner ear) Abducens VI (eye muscles) Spinal Trigeminal V (face pain) Hypoglossal XII (tongue muscles)

  21. Cranial Nerve Nuclei The Trochlear (IVth) Nucleus

  22. Trochlear nerve (to eye muscles) Trochlear nucleus (motoneurons for eye muscles)

  23. General Somatic Efferents lie close to the midline

  24. GENERAL SOMATIC CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory GSA and SSA Motor GSE Oculomotor III (eye muscles) Mesencephalic Trigeminal V (jaw muscle spindles) Main Sensory Trigeminal V (face touch & proprioception) Trochlear IV (eye muscles) Vestibular/ Cochlear VIII (vestibular & auditory signals from the inner ear) Abducens VI (eye muscles) Spinal Trigeminal V (face pain) Hypoglossal XII (tongue muscles)

  25. Cranial Nerve Nuclei III-V The Trigeminal Nuclei

  26. Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (1° sensory neurons for muscle spindles & joint receptors in head) To Thalamus Mesencephalic trigeminal tract (axons bringing unconscious signals from muscle spindles & joints in head) Sensory Axons of 1° sensory neuron for unconscious muscle spindle & joint receptors (cell body in mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus - the only 1° sensory cell body inside CNS) Sensory Axons signals for conscious touch & muscle spindle/joint receptors (cell body in ganglion outside CNS) Trigeminal nerve (sensory & motor axons of 4 types listed to the right) Motor Axons carrying motor signals to jaw muscles (cell body motor trigeminal nucleus) Sensory Axons signals for pain & temperature (cell body in ganglion outside CNS)

  27. Trigeminal nerve (afferent: touch, muscle spindle/joint, pain & temperature from head efferent: chewing muscles) Motor trigeminal nucleus (motoneurons for jaw muscles) Main sensory trigeminal nucleus (touch, conscious spindle & joint from head) Motor trigeminal nucleus Main sensory trigeminal nucleus Trigeminal nerve Spinal trigeminal nucleus Spinal trigeminal nucleus (pain & temperature from head)

  28. Motor Trigeminal Nucleus (right) Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus (right) Main sensory trigeminal nucleus (right) Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (left) Mesencephalic trigeminal tract (left) Trigeminal Nerve (right) Spinal trigeminal nucleus (left) Main sensory trigeminal nucleus (left) Spinal trigeminal nerve (left) (1° axons on way to terminate in spinal trigeminal nucleus) Trigeminal Nerve (left)

  29. Special Visceral (Branchial) Efferents lie most lateral of the motor nuclei.

  30. SPECIAL VISCERAL CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI Sensory SVA Motor SVE Motor Trigeminal V (chewing muscles) Facial VII (muscles of facial expression) Solitarius (rostral half) VII, IX, X (taste) n. Ambiguus IX, X (muscles of the pharynx & larynx)

  31. ROSTRAL PONS Mesencephalic trigeminal tract & nucleus Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus Superior Cerebellar peduncle Spinothalamic tract Pyramidal Tract Medial lemniscus Pontine Gray matter

  32. Superior cerebellar peduncle MID PONS Mesencephalic trigeminal tract & nucleus (muscle spindles from chewing muscles & jaw joint receptors) Motor trigeminal nucleus Middle Cerebellar peduncle MLF Trigeminal nerve ( sensory & motor for the head) Spinothalamic tract Pyramidal Tract Medial lemniscus Pontine Gray matter

  33. Main sensory trigeminal Nucleus (face touch) Superior cerebellar peduncle (fibers coming out of cerebellum) MID PONS Middle Cerebellar peduncle Spinal trigeminal tract & nucleus MLF Motor nucleus of trigeminal (chewing muscle motoneurons) Pyramidal Tract Spinothalamic tract Medial lemniscus Pontine Gray matter

  34. Facial nerve fibers (looping around abducens nucleus) CAUDAL PONS Abducens Nucleus (eye muscle motoneurons) Spinal trigeminal nucleus & tract Inferior cerebellar peduncle Vestibular nuclei MLF Facial motor nucleus Spinothalamic Tract Middle Cerebellar peduncle Pyramidal Tract Medial lemniscus Pontine Gray matter

  35. Gracile Nucleus (touch-leg) Gracile Fasciculus (touch-leg) Cuneate Nucleus (touch-arm) Cuneate Fasciculus (touch-arm) Central canal Spinal trigeminal nucleus & tract (head pain & temp) Spinal Accessory Nucleus (motoneurons for trapezius & sternocleidomastoid muscles) Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF) (vestibular & oculomotor information) Spinocerebellar Tract (sensory fibers - Muscle spindle & joint information to cerebellum - leg) Spinothalamic Tract (body pain) Pyramidal Decussation (corticospinal fibers crossing midline) Pyramids (corticospinal fibers)

  36. Fini

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