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The Four Levels of Organization

Learn about the four levels of organization in living organisms: cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Explore the structure and functions of cells, the two types of cells, life processes, and different types of tissues.

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The Four Levels of Organization

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  1. The Four Levels of Organization Cells – form tissues Tissues- form organs Organs-form organ systems Organ Systems-form organisms such as you

  2. Cells What is a cell? A Cell is the smallest unit of life where all of the life processes are carried on. “Cell” in Latin means “little rooms” Robert Hooke was the first person to -describe cells. He called them “little rooms”

  3. Cell Theory • All organisms are made of one or more cells. • The cell is the basic unit of all living things. • All cells come from existing cells.

  4. What Are the Two Kinds of Cells? • Prokaryotes – Bacterial cells • Eukaryotes- Plant and Animal Cells • Prokaryote is an organism made of: one cell, does not have a nucleus, does not have membrane covered organelles, has a cell wall & circular DNA. 2. Eukaryote is an organism made of: one or more cells, has a nucleus, and membrane-covered organelles.

  5. What is an Organelle? • An organelle is simply a cell part. Eg. Cell membrane Nucleus Mitochondrion

  6. LIFE PROCESSES Looking at living things

  7. Living things • Although all living things look different from each other, they all have seven things in common. • These seven things are called life processes. • Something is only alive if it does all seven processes.

  8. THE SEVEN LIFE PROCESSES

  9. 1 All living things move

  10. Animals move their whole bodies to get from one place to another. Plants turn towards the light and their roots grow down into the soil.

  11. 2 All living thingsreproduce

  12. Animals have babies. New plants grow from seeds.

  13. 3 All living things are sensitive/respond to change

  14. All living things respond to changes. Living things notice changes in their surroundings and react to them. Eg. Plants grow towards the light. Eg. People react to the temperature around them.

  15. 4 All living things neednutrition/take in energy

  16. Food is used to provide energy. Green plants make their own food using sunlight. Animals eat plants or other animals.

  17. 5 All living thingsexcrete/release waste

  18. Waste substances must be removed from the body. Plants and animals both need to get rid of waste gas and water.

  19. 6 All living thingsrespire/breathe

  20. Plants and animals use the oxygen in the air to turn food into energy.

  21. 7 All living thingsgrow

  22. Babies grow into adults. Seedlings grow into plants.

  23. The seven life processes 1 Move 2 Reproduce 3 Sensitive/respond to change 4 Nutrition/take in energy 5 Excrete/release waste 6 Respire/breathe 7 Grow

  24. Use the first letter from each process to help you remember them. Move Reproduce Sensitive/respond to change Nutrition/take in energy Excrete/release waste Respire/breathe Grow They spell MRS NERG

  25. This is MRS NERG ! Can you remember what each of the letters in her name stand for ?

  26. Move Reproduce Sensitive Nutrition Excrete Respire Grow

  27. Well done !

  28. Tissues There are four kinds of tissues: • Epithelial tissue – covers and protects other tissues • Muscle tissue-is made of cells that contract and relax to produce movement. • Nervous tissue – sends electrical signals through the body. • Connective tissue – joins, supports, protects, insulates, nourishes, and cushions organs. It also keeps organs from falling apart.

  29. Organ Systems are made of OrgansWhich system goes with….? Move – Muscular system Reproduce- Reproductive system Sensitive/respond to change- Nervous system Nutrition/take in energy-Digestive system Excrete/release waste- Excretory system Respire/breathe- Respiratory system Grow- Endocrine system Heart – Circulatory system/Cardiovascular Skin – Integumentary system Bones – Skeletal system

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