EC4019 PA Intrusion & Access Control Technology (IACT) Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

1. EC4019 PAIntrusion & Access Control Technology (IACT)Chapter 5- Wireless Systems Prepared by Sandy Tay Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

2. Lesson Objectives Wireless Systems Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

3. Wireless Systems • Wireless Systems • Communications that are impossible or impractical to implement with the use of wires. • Development of wireless applications has been advancing due to: • Portability • For temporary sites • Accessibility • E.g. in elevators • Creativity • New wireless transmission techniques provides greater ranges, jam proof,etc Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

4. Wireless Systems • Transmission Considerations • Government Regulation and Licensing • Surround Building Materials • Surrounding Natural Environment • Weather Changes • Surrounding Equipment • Line-of-sight considerations • Public safety • Distance • Antennas • Power requirements Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

5. Wireless Systems • Transmission Considerations • Government Regulation and Licensing • All RF devices must meet government regulations. • Licensing authorities for assignment of frequency spectrum: • Singapore: Inforcomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA) IDA requirements for short range devices Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

6. Wireless Systems • Transmission Considerations • Building Materials • Metal substructures in buildings can block and/or distort signals. • Check for metals used in all the areas. • Surrounding Natural Environment • Metallic particles found in surrounding stone /earth can block and distort signal. (Iron ore) • Weather Changes • Lightning storms can block and/or distort signals Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

7. Wireless Systems • Transmission Considerations • Surrounding Equipment • Equipment that uses high, powerful frequencies can block and distort signals. • Examples: Hospital imaging rooms, machine noise. • Line-of-sight considerations • Determine what could unintentionally block the transmission. • Public safety • Check if Wireless device Interfere with pacemaker or health related devices. Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

8. Wireless Systems • Transmission Considerations • Distance • Determine whether the RF device can cover the territory required • Are repeaters needed? • Antenna • Determine the size and types of antennas required • Can your premise accommodate them? • If antennas must be outside, seek approval from IDA. • Power • Make sure enough power is available for normal operation of the device. Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

9. Wireless Systems • Signal Jamming • Deliberate use of radio noise or signals in an attempt to disrupt communications. • Interference • Unintentional forms of disruption to the signal. Rx Code: 1234 Tx Code: 1234 • To prevent jamming and interference, a selected system code ensures that the central control unit only respond to the transmitter set to the same code. Chapter 5- Wireless Systems

10. Wireless Systems • Wireless Transmission Devices Chapter 5- Wireless Systems