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Improving the Effectiveness of Canister Based PAMS and Air Toxics Continuous Monitoring Systems

Improving the Effectiveness of Canister Based PAMS and Air Toxics Continuous Monitoring Systems. D.B. Cardin, V. Shetty, K.L. Langford Entech Instruments, Inc. Identify Strengths and Weaknesses of Canister Based Continuous Monitoring Systems

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Improving the Effectiveness of Canister Based PAMS and Air Toxics Continuous Monitoring Systems

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  1. Improving the Effectiveness of Canister Based PAMS and Air Toxics Continuous Monitoring Systems D.B. Cardin, V. Shetty, K.L. Langford Entech Instruments, Inc.

  2. Identify Strengths and Weaknesses of Canister Based Continuous Monitoring Systems Describe a new Faster, Easier, and more Efficient Approach using Canisters Objectives

  3. Canister Sampling Advantages Over AutoGCs • Allows Centralized Location for Analysis / Analyst • More Efficient use of Analyst’s Time • Better Availability of Supplies • More Sophisticated Equipment (GCMS instead of GC) • No Inter-Instrument Bias - 3 Sites analyzed by 1 System • Fewer Analytical Systems to Maintain and Calibrate • Potential for Multiple Analyses • Less Data Loss • Analyst Responds faster to Problems. • Sampler Continues Collecting Samples if GC System is Down

  4. Six Sites Monitored with Just 2 Analyzers CS6 CS1 Centralized Lab Analyzers CS2 CS5 1 2 CS3 CS4

  5. Canister Sampling Disadvantages Over AutoGCs • No Samplers with Over 16 Positions • Too Much Time Needed to Attach Canisters to Sampler, Cleaner, Laboratory Analyzer • Canisters Are Large and Expensive • Requires 56 Canisters per week per site to monitor continuously every 3 hours • No Room at Monitoring Sites to Accommodate Large Numbers of 6L Canisters • Canisters must be Cleaned • Limited to 8 6L Canisters at a Time on Most Cleaning Systems • 1 in 8 Canisters (12.5%) must be Reanalyzed After Cleaning

  6. Canister Sampling Disadvantages Over AutoGCs • No Samplers with Over 16 Positions • Too Much Time Needed to Attach Canisters to Sampler, Cleaner, Laboratory Analyzer • Canisters Are Large and Expensive • Requires 56 Canisters per week per site to monitor continuously every 3 hours • No Room at Monitoring Sites to Accommodate Large Numbers of 6L Canisters • Canisters must be Cleaned • Limited to 8 6L Canisters at a Time on Most Cleaning Systems • 1 in 8 Canisters (12.5%) must be Reanalyzed After Cleaning

  7. 1320 32-Position Field Sampler and 1L MiniCans Bridging The Gap Between Tubes and Canisters

  8. Quick Connect Fittings Speed Up Canister Connection • Only 15 Minutes to Replace Canisters During Site Visits

  9. 1320 Sampling into 32 Canisters Inlet 0-50 sccm MFC 0-15 psia Absolute Pressure Sensor Isolatch Valve (Pos 1-16) Isolatch Valve (Pos 17-32) Cans 1-16 Cans 17-32

  10. Advantages of Non-Pressurized Sampling • No Pumps to Add Contamination to Canisters • No Pumps to Wear Out - Reduced Maintenance • No Condensation of Water • No Chance for Fouling up Inlet MFC • No Analyte Loss in Condensed Water • Less Opportunity for Analyte Carryover • Less Contaminant Formation • Canisters Remain Clean Longer • Sample Remains Homogeneous

  11. PC Controlled Software

  12. Example 4 Site Servicing Schedule for 3 Hour Continuous Monitoring Site Day Time # Cans #Cases 1 Tues 9 AM 24 3 2 Tues 11 AM 24 3 3 Tues 1 PM 24 3 4 Tues 3 PM 24 3 1 Fri 11 AM 32 4 2 Fri 1 PM 32 4 3 Fri 3 PM 32 4 4 Fri 4:30 PM 32 4

  13. Canister Sampling Disadvantages Over AutoGCs • No Samplers with Over 16 Positions • Too Much Time Needed to Attach Canisters to Sampler, Cleaner, Laboratory Analyzer • Canisters Are Large and Expensive • Requires 56 Canisters per week per site to monitor continuously every 3 hours • No Room at Monitoring Sites to Accommodate Large Numbers of 6L Canisters • Canisters must be Cleaned • Limited to 8 6L Canisters at a Time on Most Cleaning Systems • 1 in 8 Canisters (12.5%) must be Reanalyzed After Cleaning

  14. 18 6L Canisters vs 18 1L MiniCans in Carrying Cases

  15. 9 1L MiniCans in Carrying Cases

  16. 32 MiniCans Consume Less Space In Monitoring Stations • Rack Mountable, Keeping Canisters out of the Way • Requires Much Less Space than AutoGC Systems

  17. Are 1 Liter Canisters Large Enough? Instrument: 7100 Preconcentrator Application Detector Sample Vol. LOD PAMS FID 400cc 0.1 PPB(c) PAMS 5973 MS 400cc 0.05 PPB(v) Air Toxics 5973 MS 400cc 0.05 PPB(v) Air Toxics (SIMS) 5973 MS 400cc 0.005 PPB(v) Limited to Single Analysis - OK for Continuous Monitoring

  18. Canister Sampling Disadvantages Over AutoGCs • No Samplers with Over 16 Positions • Too Much Time Needed to Attach Canisters to Sampler, Cleaner, Laboratory Analyzer • Canisters Are Large and Expensive • Requires 56 Canisters per week per site to monitor continuously every 3 hours • No Room at Monitoring Sites to Accommodate Large Numbers of 6L Canisters • Canisters must be Cleaned • Limited to 8 6L Canisters at a Time on Most Cleaning Systems • 1 in 8 Canisters (12.5%) must be Reanalyzed After Cleaning

  19. Clean 21 (or 42) Canisters Simultaneously • 3 Batches a day equals 63 Canisters • Supports 7 sites with single 21 position manifold • Supports 14 sites with two 21 position manifolds

  20. Heat Canisters up to 150 C During Cleaning

  21. Analyzing 1L MiniCans

  22. MiniCan Filling with 5 Component Sulfur Standard. • Blended Sulfur Standard being Introduced into a MiniCan Through a Front Quick Connect Fitting • Used for Sulfur Stability Study

  23. Collection of Remote Headspace Samples Improves Monitoring Efficiency. MiniCan Samplers are SiloniteTM Coated to reduce surface losses. Monitor Process Streams, Holding Tanks, Rail Cars, Reactors, etc. MiniCan Vacuum Samplers Allow Direct Collection of Ingredient and Process Headspace

  24. 1 Week TO14 Stability Test 1 Liter MiniCan Concentration: 10 PPB Volume: 400cc Instrument: 7100/5973 GCMS Column: HP1, 60m, 0.32ID, 1um Column Start Temp: 35 deg. C

  25. TO14 Chromatogram, Front End

  26. PAMS C2-C10 GC/FID Analysis - Light Ends GC: 5890 Column: 60m, 0.32mmID, 1um, DB1 Preconc: MP&T, 400cc, 30ppbc Std GC Start Temp: -50 for 4 minutes

  27. 7032-L/5890 GC/FID 15m DB1, 0.53mm ID, 1um 500 PPB 1 Week Holding Time

  28. 1 PPB Sulfur Standard DMS MC400 MiniCan 5 Day Holding Time 7100/5973 GCMS CS2 H2S (3 PPB) COS MESH

  29. Continuous Monitoring with 1 Liter MiniCans retains the advantages of canister based methods while eliminating most of the disadvantages Transportation to and from sampling sites can be done in virtually any sized vehicle Keeps the analyst in the lab, rather than on the road May eliminate the Need for separate carbonyl samplers, which currently require site visits every few days regardless of whether canisters or an AutoGC is being used. Conclusion

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