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Types and Symptoms of Prostate Cancer
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The most common type of prostate cancer is called acinar adenocarcinoma. It affects 90 percent of prostate cancer patients. Acinar Adenocarcinoma begins in the prostate gland cells.
Many people with acinar adenocarcinoma are not expected to see the disease spread. But some cancers may grow quicker than others. Symptoms may include an urgency to urinate, difficulty passing urine, pain while urinating and blood in the urine or semen. A biopsy can be used to determine which type of prostate cancer is present.
Ductal Adenocarcinoma • Ductal adenocarcinoma cancer forms in cells that line the tubes of the prostate gland. This type of cancer grows and spreads quickly. Because of this, some men may have an advanced state of prostate cancer when they are first diagnosed.
Surgery is the most common treatment for ductal adenocarcinoma as it does not respond well to hormone therapy. Chemotherapy may be needed as well.
Transitional Cell or Urothelial Cancer • Urothelial cancer begins in the urethra or the tubes that are responsible for carrying urine. Urine moves through the male body by passing through the urethra from the bladder and finally through the outside of the body.
Urothelial cancer may be spread from the bladder to the prostate gland and nearby tissues. Surgery is needed to remove this type of cancer from the body. If surgery cannot be performed, chemotherapy may be suggested.
Squamous Cell Cancer • Squamous cell cancer begins in flat cells called squamous cells that cover the prostate gland. Cancerous squamous cells grow and spread quickly so most men see advanced types of this cancer when first being diagnosed. Treatment may include surgery.
Carcinoid of the Prostate • Carcinoid of the prostate occurs when tumors occur in the prostate gland. These tumors start from cells in the neuroendocrine system that are made up of glands and specialized nerve cells.
It is a rare type of cancer that grows slowly. There may be no symptoms for years with this kind of cancer. Doctors may treat the disease by monitoring it only. Tumors that grow quickly will need to be removed.
Small Cell Cancer • Small cell cancer occurs as a result of a type of neuroendocrine tumor that consists of small round cells. This type of cancer is difficult to determine by a prostate-specific antigen test.
Because of this, small cell cancer is more difficult to detect. It also grows and spreads quickly. Chemotherapy is the recommended form of treatment as small cell cancer does not respond to hormone therapy.
Sarcoma and Sarcomatoid Cancer • The last type of rare prostate cancer is called sarcoma and sarcomatoid cancer. This kind of cancer begins in muscle cells. These cancerous cells grow quickly.
Leiomyosarcoma is the most common type of prostate sarcoma found in adults. Men between the ages of 35 and 60 are most at risk for this type of prostate cancer.
Sarcomatoid cancers contain a mixture of adenocarcinoma and sarcoma cells. Treatment of these types of cancers includes surgery to have the entire prostate removed. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may follow surgery.
