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Ethics

Ethics. Differentiate…. Values, ethics, morals, & character. Values. Principles, qualities & beliefs held by a person From society, family, community, leaders Difficult to change Can influence ethical & moral behavior. Morals. Principals of right & wrong conduct Personally driven

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Ethics

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  1. Ethics

  2. Differentiate… Values, ethics, morals, & character

  3. Values • Principles, qualities & beliefs held by a person • From society, family, community, leaders • Difficult to change • Can influence ethical & moral behavior

  4. Morals • Principals of right & wrong conduct • Personally driven • Moral behavior guided by personal values

  5. Ethics • Standards, behaviors & principles that guide behaviors • Professionally driven • Agency • Professional association • Community • Different than morals???...

  6. Differences • Morals • Individual • About beliefs • Ethics • Groups • Behaviors, actions

  7. Character • Aggregate of features & traits that form the individual • Existence of or lack of virtues such as honesty, integrity, trustworthiness • Character Counts • Trustworthiness, caring, respect, responsibility, fairness, citizenship

  8. Are you unethical?

  9. Ethical Transgressions

  10. Workplace examples of… Lying Deception Stealing Harming

  11. Ethical transgressions (4) • Lying • Telling someone something we know not to be true with the intention of misleading them • Prominence…fib, embellishment, stretch the truth, overstate, distort, dupe, white lies • Lies • Calling in sick • Can’t work for someone because of an appointment • Application decision dates Are “white lies” ok?

  12. White Lies • Santa & the tooth fairy exist. • I loved my gift. • I thought I sent that e-mail. • Your baby is beautiful. • I wasn’t feeling well. • I’ll call you.

  13. What will you do?? • You have an employee who is chronically late. When asked about it, she says her spouse changed hours and can’t drop off the kids at school this week. You learn that is a lie.

  14. Ethical transgressions • Deception • Failing to correct an inaccurate impression, feigning ignorance, not telling the whole truth, withholding information, sugar coating the truth, or overusing tact • Examples • Employee evaluations • Pub vs. restaurant sponsors • Others??

  15. What will you do?? • Your boss comes in looking for one of your staff. She says “I see Julie is still at her meeting. I will talk to her tomorrow.” • You sent Julie home early & told her not to claim vacation time.

  16. Ethical transgressions • Stealing • Procurement of property that does not belong to you that is taken w/o permission from the owner • Examples • Underpaying at a store • Software on numerous computers • Travel $$ for uneaten meals • Often leads to termination

  17. What will you do?? • You are moving into a new house on Saturday. You have access to a moving truck that belongs to the agency. The schedule for he truck says it is not in use.

  18. Ethical transgressions • Harm • Putting a person or business at risk for injury or damage • Examples • Strategically choosing bidders for contracts • Public agency fitness center

  19. What will you do? • You are offering a wine tasting dinner for $75 per person. It is a 5 course meal with a class of wine per course.

  20. Why do we behave unethically?

  21. Why behave unethically (4) • Do what is most convenient • Copy homework, cheat, plagiarize • Keep extra change at a restaurant • Keep same facility schedule ea. yr • Keep lower performing instructors • Do what we must to win • Council keeps tough issue off agenda • BPRD afterschool sports • Close facilities (pool v golf course)

  22. Why behave unethically • Rationalize choices with relativism • Compare our behaviors to those we feel are worse • Justify behavior • Ethical standards change based on circumstances • Go easy on ourselves • IPRA – attend 2 sessions vs 1, 0 • Print personal things at work

  23. Why behave unethically • Unethical behavior becomes the norm • Taking office supplies • U of I connections admissions • IL legislature overtime pay • Increasing salary for retirement purposes • Other examples??

  24. Ethics Theory Consequences theory Duty based/rules based theory Virtue ethics theory

  25. Ethics Theories (3) • Consequences theory • Actions are selected based on the best possible outcomes for those involved • Scuba instructor scenario….

  26. Scuba Scenario • a scuba instructor is paid contractually where they get a percent from each person enrolled in the class. The class maximum is set at 10 based on the one instructor and the available equipment. The class fills and two additional people ask to register. The instructor has two older sets of scuba equipment she can use and agrees to take the additional participants.

  27. Scuba +/- Consequences?? • Instructor • Students

  28. Scuba +/- Consequences?? • Instructor • Make more money • Spread thinner • Students • 2 have to use old equipment • participants split instructor time with 12 people rather than 10 • safety is compromised • Decreasing experience to increase $

  29. Ethics Theories (3) • Consequences theory • What should the scuba instructor choose?? • Utilitarianism • Seek the maximum good for the greatest number • Weakness is minority interests…

  30. Pool Scenario • 2 pools built at the same time & need renovation, which do you renovate based on utilitarianism? Which has the most consequences?

  31. Ethics Theories (3) • Kant’s Duty Based Theory/Rules Based • Actions should be taken regardless of the consequences • Actions should be morally right & well intended • Duty to do what is right • Eg…

  32. Ethics Theories (3) • Kant’s Duty Based Theory/Rules Based • Volunteer b-ball coach for 8 year olds has to decide: • Play best players until victory is assured & then put in weaker players? • Give everyone the same amount of playing time? • 1 player has a physical disability. Does he/she get equal or equitable playing time? • What is his/her duty as a youth sports coach? • Does age matter?

  33. Ethics Theories (3) • Virtue Ethics Theory • Focus on character & virtue rather than consequences & duty • Do what someone of your character would do

  34. A person higher up in the organization has a greater responsibility to behave ethically than lower level employees Agree or disagree??

  35. Different jobs/professions demand a greater responsibility to behave ethically Agree or disagree??

  36. Ethics theories (3) • Virtue ethics • Same penalty? • DUI - VP of Marriott hotel operations & front desk shift supervisor • Domestic battery – Chicago Cubs infielder & Chicago Cubs sales manager

  37. A few scenarios…

  38. Scenarios • Allow staff to wear agency identified shirts in bars

  39. Scenarios • Allow staff to wear agency identified shirts in bars • Have alcohol sponsors at public p & r softball complexes

  40. Scenarios • Allow staff to wear agency identified shirts in bars • Have alcohol sponsors at public p & r softball complexes • Allow your pre-school instructor to work part time as a stripper

  41. Scenarios • Allow staff to wear agency identified shirts in bars • Have alcohol sponsors at public p & r softball complexes • Allow your pre-school instructor to work part time as a stripper • Interoffice dating

  42. Code of Ethics

  43. Code of Ethics • Written document that provides guidelines to encourage ethical behavior by company stakeholders

  44. Code of Ethics • General employee conduct • Conflicts of interest • Outside activities & employment • Relationships with clients and suppliers • Gifts, entertainment & favors • Kickbacks and secret commissions • Organization funds and other assets • Organization records and communications • Dealing with outside people and organizations • Prompt communications • Privacy and confidentiality • Service to the community • Protection and conservation of natural resources

  45. IOC Example • There will be no discrimination between the participants on the basis of race, gender, ethnic origin, religion, philosophical or political origin, marital status or other grounds. • All doping practices at all levels are strictly prohibited. The provisions against doping in the World Anti-Doping Code shall be scrupulously observed. • All forms of participation in, or support for betting related to the Olympic Games, and all forms of promotion of betting related to the Olympic Games are prohibited.

  46. ATRA

  47. Ethics Issues

  48. Conflict of Interest • When one or more roles we play are at odds with what is in the best interest of the agency • Employee & softball player • Board member & participant • Conflict or not???....

  49. Conflict of Interest • A board member’s husband owns a local t-shirt printing business that has submitted a $12,000 bid for the annual t-shirt contract. • What do you do?

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