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Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning. How is it Different? . Classical Conditioning Stimulus and response  Learning is not done consciously Learner generally takes some voluntary action Leads to Operant Conditioning Behavior is learned or avoided as a result of its consequences.

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Operant Conditioning

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  1. Operant Conditioning

  2. How is it Different? • Classical Conditioning • Stimulus and response  Learning is not done consciously • Learner generally takes some voluntary action • Leads to Operant Conditioning • Behavior is learned or avoided as a result of its consequences

  3. Conditioning with Vegetables Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning • Someone decides to classically condition you to hate a vegetable • At random times sneaks up behind you, shoves vegetable in your mouth, and whispers nauseating things in your ear • After a few of these encounters, you will learn to hate the vegetable • Three different varieties of frozen vegetables • Pick one, cook it, and eat it • Do the same with the other two • One you like best you will choose again

  4. In other words… • Classical Conditioning: an abnormal action causes a normal response • Operant Conditioning: a desired behavior is encouraged or discouraged through rewards and punishments

  5. B.F. Skinner • How we “turn out” in life comes from what we learn from all of the actions we make • We repeat actions that give us rewards • We discontinue actions that result in punishments

  6. The Process

  7. Reinforcement • Strengthens our tendency to repeat a response • Primary Reinforcement • Something that is unlearned an absolutely necessary • Ex: Food, water • Secondary Reinforcement • Represents a primary reinforcement • Ex: Money

  8. Reinforcement Schedules

  9. Examples Ratio Interval • Variable: Slot machine • Fixed: Farm hands paid per bushel • Variable: Fishing • Fixed: Pay check every Friday

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