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Give REST and SPARQL to Semantic Web future of service oriented architectures

Give REST and SPARQL to Semantic Web future of service oriented architectures. IEEE Computer Society and GBC/ACM June 18 th 2009. By Rohit Bhardwaj Principal Software Engineer rbhardwaj@kronos.com Kronos Inc. Agenda. Problem with current web Linked Data Principles

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Give REST and SPARQL to Semantic Web future of service oriented architectures

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  1. Give REST and SPARQL to Semantic Web future of service oriented architectures IEEE Computer Society and GBC/ACM June 18th 2009 By RohitBhardwaj Principal Software Engineer rbhardwaj@kronos.com Kronos Inc.

  2. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  3. How did we get here ? Cloud Computing Utility Computing Virtualization SaaS Web 2.0 GRID Computing Multi Tenancy Storage Services 2000’s SOA 90’s Mainframes 70’s and 80’s Client Server

  4. Interoperability of data

  5. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  6. Tim Berners Lee on the Semantic Web People keep asking what Web 3.0 is. I think maybe when you've got an overlay of scalable vector graphics - everything rippling and folding and looking misty - on Web 2.0 and access to a semantic Web integrated across a huge space of data, you'll have access to an unbelievable data resource." – Tim Berners-Lee, 2006

  7. RAW data to create new Plants

  8. RAW DATA NOW

  9. Raw Data to create Eco-System

  10. Linked Data Principles • Use URIs as names for things • Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names • When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information • Include RDF statements that link to other URIs so that they can discover related things Tim Berners-Lee 2007 http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

  11. Computer understands (RDFa) meaning of web page

  12. Search engines will use semantics for the page More accurate searches

  13. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  14. Semantic Web • “provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries. It is a collaborative effort led by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)…” • “Classical” Web: computers deliver documents (text, multimedia…) • Semantic Web: let computers process (interpret, combine, select, judge) and deliver information

  15. Semantic Web Overview

  16. Technologies

  17. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  18. RDF • Resource Description Framework • W3C Recommendation • Specification for a graph metamodel to comment on web resources (or anything) Uses a triple form predicate Subject Object

  19. Subject Predicate Object MADONNA LIKES SINGING

  20. CURIE: Compact URI • RDF uses URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) to define subjects and predicates. • http://www.example.org/really/really/really/long/urls/to/work/with/is /very/difficult

  21. Triples and N3 Notation (Graph) • @prefix pref: <http://example.org/vocabulary#> . • <#madonna> <pref:likes> <#singing>. MADONNA LIKES SINGING Subject Predicate Object

  22. Vocabulary : FoaF Britney Madonna KNOWS

  23. Creating a triple so that Browser can understand • <body xmlns:foaf="http//xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"> • <span about="#Britney" property="foaf:name"> • Britney Spears • </span> • </body> • N3 notation: • @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . • <#Britney> foaf:name "Britney Spears" . Britney Spears #Britney NAME

  24. Types and Relationships • <body xmlns:foaf="http//xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"> • <span about="#Britney" typeof="foaf:Person"> • property-"foaf:name"> • Britney Spears • </span> • <span about="#Madonna" typeof="foaf:Person"> • property-"foaf:name"> • Madonna • </span> • <span about="#Britney" typeof="foaf:knows"> • resource="#Madonna"> • Britney is friend of Madonna • </span> • </body>

  25. Relationship #Britney Britney Spears NAME KNOWS PERSON #Madonna Madonna NAME

  26. Building Semantic web • Web of triples going to blogs, sites, countries, places, things and their relationships between news, people, movies

  27. RDFS • RDF Schema (RDFS) • – Vocabulary for RDF – taxonomies of classes and • properties, domain, range, … :Dog rdfs:subClassOf :Animal. :Person rdfs:subClassOf :Animal. :hasChild rdfs:range :Animal; rdfs:domain :Animal. :hasSon rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasChild. :Max a :Dog. :Abel a :Person. :Adam a :Person; :hasSon :Abel.

  28. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  29. Dbpedia Example

  30. dbpedia • As of November 2008[update], the DBpedia dataset describes more than 2.6 million things, including at least 213,000 persons, 328,000 places, 57,000 music albums, 36,000 films, 20,000 companies. The dataset features labels and short abstracts for these things in 30 different languages; 609,000 links to images and 3,150,000 links to external web pages; 4,878,100 external links into other RDF datasets, 415,000 Wikipedia categories, and 75,000 YAGO categories.[1]

  31. Example

  32. Community effort to • Publish existing open license datasets as Linked Data on the Web • Interlink things between different data sources • Develop clients that consume Linked Data from the Web

  33. Linked Data Browsers • Tabulator Browser (MIT, USA) • Disco Hyperdata Browser (FU Berlin, DE) • OpenLink RDF Browser (OpenLink, UK) • Zitgist RDF Browser (Zitgist, USA) • Humboldt (HP Labs, UK) • Fenfire (DERI, Irland) • Marbles (FU Berlin, DE)

  34. Example 1 • http://graphs.gapminder.org/world

  35. Example 2 • http://bitmunk.com/media/6995806

  36. FUZZ Firefox plug-in

  37. FUZZ Plug-in

  38. OpenLink Firefox Plug-in

  39. Some more examples • http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/ • http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/bizer/pub/lod-datasets_2009-03-05.html • http://www.openstreetmap.org/ • http://revyu.com/ • DBpedia Mobile

  40. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying SemWeb Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  41. OWL • Web Ontology Language (OWL) • W3C Recommendation • Designed to support different levels of expression with • different computational requirements • OWL Lite • OWL DL • OWL Full

  42. “Berlin” Ontology example: Berlin local transport service

  43. Agenda • Problem with current web • Linked Data Principles • Semantic Web Overview • RDF and RDFa • Dbpedia • OWL • Querying Semantic Web Data • Semantic Web Services • WS-Tenacity • REST • Conclusion • References

  44. Querying Semantic Web Data: SPARQL • Emerging W3C Standard for querying RDF • SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language • It has been a moving target, but various tools are starting to support it • ARQ SPARQL Processor for Jena • Rasqal RDF query library for Redland • Pellet, KAON2 OWL DL Reasoners

  45. SPARQL • Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language • – SQL like language for RDF querying • SELECT ?name ?mbox • WHERE { ?x foaf:name ?name . • ?x foaf:mbox ?mbox . • } • – graph matching/construction • – SELECT, CONSTRUCT, DESCRIBE, ASK • – ORDER BY, DISTINCT, OFFSET, LIMIT • • Operates on any RDF graph • – i.e., including RDFS/OWL

  46. SPARQL DEMO • http://demo.openlinksw.com/sparql_demo/# • http://www.sparql.org/query.html

  47. Semantic Search • One of the primary goals of semantic web • Not only keyword full-text search • Query includes relations between resources • Connecting data: mash-up from different sources • Within enterprise or enterprises • Relevant research: “semantic desktop” • semantic search within data in a single PC

  48. Web of Data Search Engines • SWSE (DERI, Ireland) • Swoogle (UMBC, USA) http://swoogle.umbc.edu/ • Falcons (IWS, China) • Sindice (DERI, Ireland) • Watson (Open University, UK) • MicroSearch (Yahoo, Spain)

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