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Bioluminescent Bacteria/Animals Symbiosis Anna Thomas Hames 4 th Period

Bioluminescent Bacteria/Animals Symbiosis Anna Thomas Hames 4 th Period. Bioluminescent Bacteria. Bacteria, living in the oceans, that produce light Microbes easily found in seawater, in marine sediments, in the guts of marine animals, and on the surface of decomposing fish.

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Bioluminescent Bacteria/Animals Symbiosis Anna Thomas Hames 4 th Period

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  1. Bioluminescent Bacteria/Animals Symbiosis Anna Thomas Hames 4th Period

  2. Bioluminescent Bacteria • Bacteria, living in the oceans, that produce light • Microbes easily found in seawater, in marine sediments, in the guts of marine animals, and on the surface of decomposing fish Under Normal Light (left) In a dark room (right)

  3. Chemical Sense • Bioluminescence is defined as “light emission by living organisms arising by exergonic chemical reactions” • What starts the reactions? bacterial luciferase (“light-bringing” enzyme) • (FMNH2 + O2 + RCHO  FMN +RCOOH + H2O + Light) (Note: Not a relationship between animals and bioluminescent bacteria; but interesting)

  4. Bioluminescent Bacteria • Genera Vibrio and Photomicrobium • Structure: typically curved rods 1 to 3 microns long and motile by flagella Interesting Event: Bioluminescent bacteria may be emerging as human pathogens. (above: Photorhabdus isolate from patient, put on soy agar plate with sheep blood; glows faintly.) Light organ of a squid

  5. Bioluminescent Bacteria/Animals Symbiosis • Mutualism (both benefit): • There are fish and squid that have evolved the ability to use bioluminescent bacteria • These animals have specialized organs that provide bioluminescent bacteria with both a safe place to live and a source of food • In return the animals can use the light that is produced by the microbes either as a means of camouflage, as an aid in hunting, or even as a way of attracting mates.

  6. Examples Top left: squid Top right: anglerfish Bottom: Flashlight Fish

  7. Examples Bioluminescent bacteria can also help smaller creatures such as shrimp. • Funny Anglerfish song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9t7E4amWDqI • For class presentation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXl8F-eIoiM&feature=fvw

  8. Review Questions • Where is bioluminescent bacteria found? • What kind of relationship exists between bioluminescent bacteria and animals? • How does bioluminescent bacteria move? • What are two examples of the symbiotic relationship of bioluminescent bacteria and animals? • What makes fish and squid a desirable place for bioluminescent bacteria? • What are three ways animals benefit from bioluminescent bacteria?

  9. Answers • seawater, marine sediments, guts of marine animals, and surface of decomposing fish • mutualism • flagella • angler fish, flashlight fish, squid • safe place to live and a source of food • camouflage, as an aid in hunting, or a way of attracting mates.

  10. Sources: • http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/symbiosis • http://74.125.47.132/search?q=cache:uLcswwSx2pYJ:animals.howstuffworks.com/animal-facts/bioluminescence4.htm+bioluminescent+bacteria/animal+symbiosis&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us • http://74.125.47.132/search?q=cache:1zB5a2n6PS4J:www.ms-starship.com/sciencenew/symbiosis.htm+animal+symbiosis&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us • http://cibt.bio.cornell.edu/programs/archive/0608alum/lumos.pdf • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://filebox.vt.edu/users/chagedor/biol_4684/Methods/marinefish.jpg&imgrefurl=http://filebox.vt.edu/users/chagedor/biol_4684/Methods/bioluminescence.html&usg=__BFdFQRc802UlXsFp8Wlh3uPOWZw=&h=260&w=340&sz=18&hl=en&start=21&tbnid=mDcwwj8vUEzGlM:&tbnh=91&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbioluminescent%2Bbacteria%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18 • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EiD/vol9no2/images/02-0222_1b.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EiD/vol9no2/02-0222-G1.htm&usg=__M5oHXFuC8MVCaO8AFAf6P22Y9Bw=&h=474&w=600&sz=48&hl=en&start=29&tbnid=-UqSUvqeuLYoMM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbioluminescent%2Bbacteria%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18 • http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mutualism • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://curiousexpeditions.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/euphausiid.jpg&imgrefurl=http://curiousexpeditions.org/%3Fp%3D233&usg=__pX1OwY480Nsy4xU06m8vX3QFsB8=&h=281&w=630&sz=34&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=Nku6I6TeHrA3BM:&tbnh=61&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbioluminescent%2Bbacteria%2Bfish%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den

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