Successful Integration of Mobility Management into Site Development: PHOENIX-West, Dortmund, Germany

1. Successful Integration of Mobility Management into Site Development ‚PHOENIX-West‘ Dortmund, Germany Ulrike Reutter, Mechtild Stiewe, Janina Welsch

2. Background • In Germany Mobility Management (MM) is generally not integrated into urban planning • ILS is working on this topic within tworesearchprojects, both look for existing possibilities of better integrating MM into urban planning in Germany as well as Europe and propose good solutions: • Mobility Management in urban planningGerman title: Mobilitätsmanagement in der Stadtplanung Funded by Ministry for Building, Transportation and Urban AffairsBundesministerium für Verkehr, Bauen und Stadtentwicklung BMVBSForschungsprogramm Stadtverkehr (FOPS) Project FE 70.794 • MAX – Successful Travel Awareness Campaigns and Mobility Management StrategiesCo-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2008). Project No: 518368 ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

3. Preconditions in German Planning Law (1) • German planning system is a federal system with generally 3 levels: national, state, municipal • Nationallaws set only the framework conditions for the lower levelsMain law is theFederal Building Code (Baugesetzbuch – BauGB) • municipalities can close a contract with developers to set special rules for the development of the site • The 16 States have the main responsibility for spatial planning and set the rules for planning in the municipalities together with national lawMain laws are the State Building Codes (Bauordnung – BauO) • detailed regulations for each State e.g. for defining the minimum number of requested parking spaces for new buildings ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

4. Preconditions in German Planning Law (2) • Municipalities • prepare local land use plans (Flächennutzungsplan) for the whole administrative area • prepare site development plans (Bebauungsplan) for development areas within the city • grant building permissions if the buildings are in accordance with the plans • Within these plans municipalities have the opportunity to create good preconditions for integrating MM and set the legalframework for the development site • Mobility Management itself or instruments like travel plans are not defined and not integrated in German planning laws and instruments ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

5. Location of Dortmund in Germanysource: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Deutschland_topo.jpg Best practice: Dortmund PHOENIX-West • City of Dortmund was chosen as best-practice example within both research projects • The city produced a ‘Masterplan Mobility’ as an informal planning instrument to guide the transport development (use of MM is included) • Dortmund aims to integrate Mobility Management into re-development of the former industrial area PHOENIX-West ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

6. Location of PHOENIX-Areasource: Stadt Dortmund 2006 Location of Dortmund and PHOENIX-Area • Dortmund belongs to the State North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) • The city is part of the Ruhr-Area which has a long history of coal & steelindustries • Whole Ruhr-Area is (still) facing a far reaching economic structural change • Many of the former industrial sites are re-developed and used in various ways (industrial museums, cultural venues, businesses, housing etc.) • PHOENIX-West in Dortmund is such a brown-field re-development site Location of NRW and Ruhr-Areasource: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Lage_des_Ruhrgebiets.png ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

7. PHOENIX-Area: brown-field re-development site • PHOENIX-Area: 150 years of industrial history(steel production) • PHOENIX-West closure in 1998: ~ 1 km² Aerial view of PHOENIX-West area in June 2007source: www.phoenixdortmund.de ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

8. Planned uses for PHOENIX-Area PHOENIX-West PHOENIX-East Hörde – district centre existing uses: shopping, housing, businesses technology & business park planned uses: micro- & nano technologies, IT businesses new Phoenix-Lake (man made)planned uses: mainly housing & leisure ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

9. PHOENIX-West: planning for high quality development • Dortmund set preconditions and the legalframework for PHOENIX-Westwithinthe site development plan aiming for a high quality development: • City defines areas for special uses (e.g. micro & nano technologies, IT businesses) • City aims for a high density area (e.g. heights, building lines & borders) • City builds only few off-site parking spaces along the streets • When the site is fully developed: • about 10.000 people will work at PHOENIX-West • about 34.000 car-trips per day are predicted (without MM) • up to 3 multi-story car parks will be built (central parking) • good accessibility with public transport will be offered ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

10. PHOENIX-West: Guidebooks for developers • High quality development needs special guidance. Therefore the city set different framework conditions for design, energy and mobility • For each topic a special guidebook was produced as a tool for consultations with developers • Design e.g. where to build, front design and material, good examples • Energy e.g. regulations for heating and cooling, energy saving construction, use of daylight • Mobility shows e.g. • how to reduce the quantity of required parking spaces • examples of MM measures • examples and design for (automatic) multi storey parking  use rare space more efficient Mobilitätshandbuch ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

11. PHOENIX-West: planning for sustainable mobility • High quality development  not enough space: in most cases, not all requested parking spaces can be built as ground level parking Classical solutions • build all required parking spaces and pay for the maintenance:some ground-level parking spaces + underground or multi-storey car park expensive solution • pay off to the city of Dortmund a certain amount of parking spaces (build the rest) expensive solution New solution • reduce the requested number of on-site parking spaces using Mobility Management implement MM to change travel behaviour & reduce the need for parking build less parking spaces and savemoney ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

12. Planning simulation – gaining an insight into practitioners views • Use of the planning simulation within research projects: • To get all stakeholders involved in the discussion: different administrative departments, developers, architects, business manager, PT-company, legal experts • To gain insight in their different views • To look at acceptance of the offered solution (using MM to reduce parking spaces) • To offer a practical solution to implement MM (ILS introduced a prototype companytravel plan) • To foster the implementationprocess for PHOENIX-West by discussing legal procedure within the building permission process ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

13. Planning simulation – results and keys of success (1) • Key of success: Dortmund has a strong intention to develop PHOENIX-West sustainable and with high quality • City asks the developers to contribute to this high quality and communicates the profits of regulations and guidelines • In this early phase of implementation of MM consultancy and information about the procedure and the advantages are needed • The transportplanning department of Dortmund will offer advice how to produce a travel plan, but has only limited capacities in the long run, externalconsultants are needed • It is expected that for most companies the production of a travel plan and the implementation and monitoring of the MM measures will be cheaper than building and maintaining all required parking spaces ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

14. Planning simulation – results and keys of success (2) • Mobility Management must be offered as a voluntary option (to the developers), because: • MM is still a new instrument in Germany, • There is no legal obligation for companies to produce a travel plan • There is a strong competition for new developments and enterprises between the cities • MM creates a win-win situation for the city and the companies: • To give the opportunity to minimise the required numbers of parking spaces and thus to save money • To achieve a highurban quality and a high environmentalquality for PHOENIX-West • Highly motivated people are needed to communicate these advantages to most of the stakeholders ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

15. Planning simulation – barriers of success • Difficulties to implement MM for speculative developments(unknown user) • Is Mobility Management a potential barrier for re-selling the buildings? • The local public transport company in Dortmund doesn’t see itself as inter-modal mobility provider • e.g. cycling is seen as competing mode, not as a complementing mode to public transport  low quality service for bicycles at PT stations ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

16. Conclusions: Where there is a will there is a way • Is the integration of Mobility Management into site development at PHOENIX-West successful? • Integration of MM into urban planning is not supported by most of the existing planning laws • But integration is possible if the city is planning for good preconditions and is willing to use the existing potentials • The most important factor is the will to change the mobility behaviour from the very beginning of the building process. That will prevent future mobility problems • Parts of the concept are already used - legal details still need to be solved within the city's administration to use a travel plan for implementing MM ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany

17. Thank you for your attentionwww.ils.nrw.de ECOMM 2008 – London, Session 21 Successful integration of mobility management into site development: ‚PHOENIX-West’ Dortmund, Germany