Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases HIV/AIDS

2. What is a Sexually Transmitted Infection or STI? • STI’s are infections that are spread from __________ to ____________ through intimate sexual contact. • STI’s are dangerous because they are easily spread and it is hard to tell just by looking who has an STI. • _______________________________________________ has an STI.

3. MYTHS OF STDsTrue or False • Most people with an STD experience painful symptoms. • Birth control pills prevent the spread of STDs. • Douching will cure and STD. • Abstinence is the best way to prevent STDs. • If you get an STD once, and are treated, you can’t get it again. • A person does not need to see a doctor if she/he notices scores on his/her genitals once, but then they go away. • Condoms help prevent the spread of STDs

4. Prevention is the Key • __________________, or not having oral, vaginal or anal sex, is the best way to protect yourself. • It is possible to get an STD even without having intercourse through skin-to-skin contact.

5. Chlamydia Gonorrhea Genital Herpes (HSV-2) Genital Warts (HPV) Hepatitis B HIV and AIDS Pubic Lice Syphilis Trichomoniasis Common STI’s

6. How do I know if I have an STI? • Most people who have an STI have ________ _______________. A test from your health care provider or local health clinic may be the only way to tell for sure if you're infected. • If you do become _____________, symptoms may appear right away. Or, they may not show up for weeks or months or even years. They may come and go. Even if the signs and symptoms _______________, you can still infect other people if you have sex with them. Or, they can still infect you!

7. Common Symptoms for Girls Some symptoms you may have are: • Sores, bumps or blisters near your genitals, anus (butt hole) or mouth • ________________________________________________________________________ • Itching, bad smell or unusual discharge from your vagina or anus (butt hole) • _____________ (pain in your lower abdomen) • Bleeding from your vagina between your menstrual periods • Remember: Sometimes symptoms don't show up _____________________________________

8. Common Symptoms for Guys Some symptoms you may have are: • Sores, bumps or blisters near your genitals, anus (butt hole) or mouth • Burning or pain when you urinate (pee) • Drip or ________________ from your penis • ____________________________________________________________________________ • Remember: Sometimes symptoms don't show up for weeks or months.

9. STDs • STDs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through: • _________________________________ • oral-genital contact or in _____________________ ways. • IV drug

10. Types of STD's • Viral • Bacterial Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

11. Symptoms What are the symptoms? How would I know if I have been infected? • Sores (either painful or painless) • ______________________________ • Burning sensation when urinating • Rashes • ______________________ • __________________________ • Warts • ___________________ discharge

12. Chlamydia • _________________ new cases occur each year • SYMPTOMS: fever, weight loss for no reason, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea, white spots on the mouth. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Vaginal discharge (white or grey) or burning with urination Lower abdominal pain Bleeding between menstrual periods. ______________________________(later symptom) MALE SYMPTOMS: Discharge from the penis and/or burning when urinating ______________ and __________________around the opening of the penis Pain and swelling in the testicles Low –grade fever (associated with epididymitis – inflammation of the testicles)

13. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia • Cause: • Cure: • Risk: • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) • Heart damage • Arthritis Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

14. Gonorrhea • Each year approximately ___________________ in the United States are infected with gonorrhea • People get gonorrhea from close sexual contact (anal sex, oral sex., and vaginal). • Gonorrhea can also be spread from _______________________________________ • Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body

15. Sexually Transmitted Diseases:Gonorrhea • Cause: • Cure: • Risk: Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

16. Symptoms of Gonorrhea • Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear • sore or red throat if you have gonorrhea in the throat from oral sex • rectal pain • blood and pus in ________________ if you have gonorrhea in therectum from anal sex.

17. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Symptoms may show up 2-21 days after having sex May notice a yellow or white discharge from the vagina May be a burning or pain when urinating Bleeding between periods Heavier and more painful periods Cramps or pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes with nausea or fever • MALE SYMPTOMS: Yellow or white drip/discharge from penis Burning or pain when urinating Frequent urinating Swollen testicles

18. _________________ • The long range effects can be very serious, including death. • In the United States, an estimated _______________ ____________ of syphilis in adults • passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore • Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia, vagina, anus, or rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth. • Transmission of the organism occurs during ______________________________________________

19. Sexually Transmitted Diseases:Syphilis • Cause: • Cure: • Risk: Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

20. Symptoms – _______________ • Symptoms usually appear 10-90 days after contact. • An infected person gets a sore (chancre), which may be painful at the point of contact (mouth, anus, rectum, throat or the sex organ). • The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless. It appears at the spot where the bacterium entered the body. • The chancre lasts _____________________________. • This will disappear on its own, but may last 4-6 weeks. • In the female, the chancre is often internal and cannot be seen.

21. Secondary Stage • lasts ________________. • After the chancre comes a copper-colored skin rash which may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in more severe cases covers the entire body. • The _________ may be accompanied by _______________________________, loss of appetite, or loss of hair in spots over the scalp.

22. Third Stage – __________ Period • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ • If not received treatment the bacterium remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints.

23. Fourth Stage - Tertiary • The results of the internal damage from the 3rd stage shows up many years later. • ______, twenty, even ___________ after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. __________ • Symptoms usually show ________ days after contact. • May be extremely painful or very mild. • “outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers. • Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life. • Stress, bruising, chaffing, or a woman’s period may cause an onset of the disease. FEMALE SYMPTOMS: ________________________________________________________________________________________ MALE SYMPTOMS: _________________________________________.

25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases:Genital Herpes • Cause: • Cure: • Risk: Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

26. Genital Warts / Veniral Warts • ____________ that appear on the vagina or penis, near the anus, and sometimes in the throat. • They are caused by viruses and spread through sexual contact. • The virus that causes genital warts is spread by vaginal or anal intercourse and by oral sex. • Warts may appear within several weeks after sex with a person who has HPV; or they may take months or years to appear; or they may never appear. • A person can be infected and pass on the virus without knowing it. • Approximately ____________________ of sexually transmitted _______ (one third of all new STDs) occur in the U.S. each year, with at least 20 million people currently infected. • __________________ Americans between the ages of 15 and 49 have been infected with genital HPV in their lifetimes.

27. Symptoms • Usually the warts look like _______________________, but sometimes they are flat. • The warts may cause ______________________________________ but often don’t cause any pain at all. • Warts may be inside the vagina or on the cervix, or in the rectum or throat, so you might not notice them. • They might also be so small that you cannot see them.

28. ______________________ • Pubic lice are called “__________” because they look like crabs. • Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body. • Found under arms, eyelashes, moustaches. • Spread through direct physical contact. ______________________________________________________________________________ • SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital, rectal (sexual) area.

29. _____________________ • An estimated 5 million new cases occur each year in women and men. • Occurs in vagina of women so may be sexually transmitted to men using infected washcloths and towels. • It is transmitted to the baby during delivery. • It also can occur in the urethra (carries urine to penis) in men, doesn’t have symptoms usually. SYMPTOMS: Appear within 5 to 28 days of exposure Women usually have a vaginal discharge that FEMALE SYMPTOMS: Itching and burning at the outside of the opening of the vagina and vulva. Painful and frequent urination Heavy, unpleasant smelling greenish, yellow discharge MALE SYMPTOMS: Usually nothing, or discomfort in urethra, inflamed head of the penis.

30. Candidiasis – ________________ • Yeast fungus that may or may not be transmitted by sexual intercourse. • Caused by high doses of antibiotics. It is usually caused by altering the Ph of the vagina. SYMPTOMS: ___________________________________________________________________________

31. ___________________ • Hepatitis is a disease of the liver. • Hepatitis B is transmitted person to person through blood and body fluids. • There is _______________for the virus after it has been contracted. • The only treatment is prevention: • Abstain from sex • Always use latex condoms • Avoid contact with other people’s blood • Get immunized

32. HIV _____________________________________________________________________ Sharing drug needles and syringes

33. HIV and AIDS • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ • AIDS is caused by ______ (Human immunodeficiency virus). • HIV destroys the body’s defense system (the ___________ system). • Thousands of teens in the U.S. become infected each year.

34. How do you get HIV? • HIV can be transmitted from an infected person to another person through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. • People who have another STD are at higher risk for contracting HIV during sex with infected partners.

35. How do people know they have HIV? • Many people do not know they have it. • Symptoms may not appear for up to _________________ • Some people may feel and look healthy for years while they are infected with HIV. • It is possible to ___________ others with ________, even if the person has absolutely no symptoms.

36. Extreme weakness and fatigue _________________ Frequent fevers with not explanation ____________________________________ Swollen lymph glands Minor infections that cause skin rashes and mouth, genital, and anal sores. White spots in the mouth or throat _______________ A cough that won’t go away Short-term memory loss Symptoms of AIDS

37. Recent Developments with AIDS • Spread of HIV infections has slowed in most countries • Recent medications have been more successful in suppressing the virus • AIDS has dropped out of the _____ ______ causes of death in the U.S. to _______. See “On the Web” 23-2 for more info on treatments Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

38. HIV transmission • Spread by contact with body fluids(blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk) • Concentrations too low in sweat and saliva Click for info from the Centers for Harvard AIDS Institute Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e

39. What Happens if I don’t get treated? • If you have an STD and don’t get treatment you can have some long-term effects such as: • _____________ (Unable to have babies) • Cancer • Long-term pain • Can pass disease from ________________ • ___________

40. Conclusion • ________________________________________________________________________________ • The ONLY way to prevent STI’s is to abstain from ALL types of sexual intercourse. • Forms of sexual protection ________________ always protect you from STI’s such as HSV-2, HPV, and Pubic Lice.

41. Prevention • Abstinence • Visit your doctor • Always look • Keep clean!

42. Remember: • ____________________________________________________________________each year – some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility.