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Chapter 3

Instructional Objective: 1.Identify the state of matter. 2Compare the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization. Chapter 3. Solids, Liquids, and Gases. States of Matter. Solid State Molecules packed close together, vibrating in place Molecules in orderly arraignment

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Chapter 3

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  1. Instructional Objective:1.Identify the state of matter.2Compare the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization

  2. Chapter 3 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

  3. States of Matter • Solid State • Molecules packed close together, vibrating in place • Molecules in orderly arraignment • Lowest amount of thermal energy • Lowest Temperature • Keeps its shape

  4. States of Matter • Liquid State • Molecules moving around, not overcoming their attraction to each other • Molecules not in any sort of order • Lower thermal energy than gas, higher than solid • Takes the shape of its container

  5. States of Matter • Gas State • Molecules moving rapidly, overcoming attraction between them • Molecules not in any sort of order • Very high thermal energy • Spreads to take the shape of its container • No fixed volume or shape,

  6. plasma (PLAZ-muh): state of matter made up of electrically charged particles The fourth state, plasma, exists at very high temperatures and pressures. Ex: stars , Sun.

  7. which of the following will dissolve the fastest?

  8. GAS Boiling LIQUID  Condensing Melting   Freezing SOLID

  9. Phases Of Water

  10. Kinetic Theory • Is an explanation of how particles in matter behave. • Has Three assumptions

  11. Three Assumptions of Kinetic theory • 1.All matter is composed of small particles(atoms, Molecules and ions) • 2.The particles are always in a constant random motion. • 3.These particles are collide with each other and the walls of their container.

  12. Thermal Energy • Is the total energy of a material’s particles (Kinetic vibrations) resulting from force that act within or between particles • Ex: Temperature is high-particles vibrates highly. • Temperature is lowered- particles vibrates more slowly

  13. Average Kinetic Energy • Temperature: *is the term used to explain how hot or cold an object is . * is the average kinetic energy in a substance. * Explain how fast the particles are moving.

  14. Exothermic reaction • Heat is given out during a chemical reaction Endothermic reaction • Heat or energy is used or absorbed during the chemical reaction

  15. TEMPERATURE the average kinetic energy in the substance; how fast the particles are moving HEAT OF FUSION amount of energy needed to change a substance from the solid to the liquid state HEAT OF VAPORIZATION amount of energy needed to change a substance from the liquid to the gaseous state

  16. Instructional Objective:1.Identify the state of matter.2Compare the heat of fusion and heat of vaporization

  17. HEAT OF FUSION LAB Add 110 g of ice to beaker Place beaker on Hot Plate Heat beaker and ice with Hot Plate (7) Record temperature every minute until a majority is evaporated ~ VERNIER LAB PRO Repeat above but add 16 g of salt to the 110 g of ice in new beaker. Your lab write up should have: 2 charts 1 graph (with both water and salt water)

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