Key findings from the 2013 edition of Education at a Glance United States

1. Key findings from the 2013 edition of Education at a GlanceUnited States Andreas SchleicherAdvisor of the OECD Secretary-General on Education PolicyDeputy Director for Education

2. Across the world more people obtain university qualifications The US ranks 1st in university attainment among older people, 12th in the young population, and 17th among today’s graduates US

3. A world of change – highereducation Cost per student Graduate supply

4. A world of change – highereducation United States Cost per student Graduate supply

5. A world of change – highereducation United States Cost per student Germany Graduate supply DE

6. A world of change – highereducation United Kingdom

7. A world of change – highereducation

8. A world of change – highereducation

9. A world of change – highereducation

10. A world of change – highereducation

11. A world of change – highereducation

12. A world of change – highereducation

13. A world of change – highereducation

14. A world of change – highereducation

15. A world of change – highereducation

16. A world of change – highereducation UK Iceland Poland

17. A world of change – highereducation Germany UK Iceland Poland DE

18. A world of change – highereducation US

19. More people are participating in education than ever before Proportion of population with tertiary education, and difference in attainment between 25-34 and 55-64 year-olds (2011) Chart A1.3 Tertiary attainment Increasing advantage US

20. Low success rates US

21. Proportion of students who enter tertiary education and graduate with at least a first degree Chart A4.1 US/EU

22. The crisis has amplified the value of a good education

23. A tertiary education is an advantage,particularly during an economic downturn Unemployment rates for 25-64 year-olds tertiary educated people (2005, 2008 and 2011) Chart A5.2-3

24. Adults with no upper secondary education suffer even more in weak labour markets Unemployment rates for 25-64 year-olds with below upper secondary education (2005, 2008 and 2011) Chart A5.2-1

25. Benefits The private returns on an investment in tertiary education are substantial Private costs and benefits for a man attaining tertiary education (2009) Chart A7.3 bis Costs Equivalent USD

26. The net public return on investment for a man in tertiary education is over USD 100 000. Net private and public returns associated with a man attaining tertiary education (2009) Chart A7.1

27. Upper secondary education has become the norm Percentage of 25-64 year-olds whose highest level of attainment is upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education (2011) Chart A1.2 Europe now matches US qualification levels (among 55-64-year-olds it was still 25 percentage points behind) EU/US

28. Often a vocationally oriented secondary education offers better insurance against unemployment than general education Unemployment rates among 25-64 year-olds with vocational or general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education (2011) Chart A5.3 EU/US

29. Education also has important social outcomes

30. Adults with a tertiary education are half as likely to be obese as those with only a below upper secondary education Percentage of adults who are obese, by educational attainment (2011) Chart A8.1

31. An individual with a higher level of education is less likely to smoke Percentage of adults who smoke, by educational attainment (2011) Chart A8.2

32. Different from most other countries, spending on education fell during the crisis but public spending on education remains high in the US US

33. Between 2008 and 2010, countries varied in the share of total public expenditure they allocated to education Index of change between 2008 and 2010 in public expenditure on education as a percentage of total public expenditure for all levels of education combined (2008=100, 2010 constant prices) Chart B4.2

34. Between 2008 and 2010, only five countries cut public expenditure on educational institutions Index of change between 2008 and 2010 in expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, for all levels of education (2008=100, 2010 constant prices) Chart B2.3-1 EU

35. OECD countries spend USD 9 313 per student per year on primary through tertiary education In equivalent USD converted using PPPs, based on full-time equivalents, for primary through tertiary education Chart B1.1

36. Spending per student at the tertiary level Annual expenditure per student by educational institutions for all services, by level of education (2010) Chart B1.2-3 EU

37. A high burden on households US

38. Some 16% of all spending on educational institutions comes from private sources Share of private expenditure on educational institutions (2010) Chart B3.1 In the US, 36% of expenditure on higher education come from public sources, and 64% come from private sources. Across OECD countries it is almost exactly the other way round, 68% of expenditure on tertiary education come from public sources, while 32% come from private sources US

39. The share of private expenditure on tertiary institutions increased from 24% in 2000 to 32% in 2010 Share of private expenditure on tertiary educational institutions (2000, 2005 and 2010) Chart B3.3

40. The early years: Modest participation and investments US

41. Expenditure on pre-primary education accounts for an average of 0.6% of GDP. Expenditure on early childhood educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, by funding sources (2010) Chart C2.3 US

42. The ratio of pupils to teaching staff indicates the level of resources devoted to pre‑primary education Ratio of pupils to teaching staff in early childhood education in public and private institutions (2011) Chart C2.4 UK/DE

43. Resources in schooling

44. On average in OECD countries, class size increases by two or more students between primary and lower secondary education Average class size in educational institutions, by level of education (2011) Chart D2.2

45. In only 6 countries were relative salaries for teachers higher than those of comparably educated workers Ratio of teachers' salary to earnings for full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education aged 25-64 (2011 or latest available year) Chart D3.1-2 But teacher salaries in the EU rose by 20% between 2000 and 2011 (in contrast in the US they remained stable) EU/US

46. An attractive place to study

47. In 2011, more than 4.3 million students were enrolled in tertiary education outside their country of citizenship. Evolution in the number of students enrolled outside their country of citizenship, by region of destination (2000 to 2011) Chart C4.1

48. Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States together receive more than 50% of all foreign students worldwide. Percentage of all foreign tertiary students enrolled, by destination (2000, 2011) Chart C4.3

49. At least 15% of tertiary enrolments in Australia, Austria, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United Kingdom are international International or foreign student enrolment as a percentage of total tertiary enrolment (2011) Chart C4.4

50. Thank you ! www.oecd.org/education/eag.htm Andreas.Schleicher@OECD.org Twitter: SchleicherEDU … and remember: Without data, you are just another person with an opinion