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Announcements

Announcements.

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Announcements

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  1. Announcements • Exam 1 is next time. It will cover Chapters 1 & 2 of Foundations of Modern Cosmology and all of Five Ages of the Universe. Sample questions are posted. There will also be one or two multiple choice questions from the presentations you did last time. The exam will be 15 to 18 multiple choice questions worth three points each and three essay questions.

  2. Johannes Kepler • 1571 – 1630 • Hired by Tycho Brahe in 1600 to do calculations on the orbit of Mars • Appointed Imperial Astronomer after Tycho’s death

  3. Rudolphine Tables As part of his duties as the Astronomer Royale for the Holy Roman Emperor, Kepler was to recalculate the positions of the planets. He did so using his three Laws of Planetary Motions. The book was eventually published in 1627 after several legal battles with Tycho’s heirs

  4. Watch Mechanical Universe Kepler’s Laws video

  5. Kepler’s 1st Law The Law of Ellipses The planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus Major change since everyone that came before had used circles, including Copernicus

  6. Kepler’s 2nd Law The Law of Areas A line drawn from a planet to the Sun will sweep out equal areas in equal time periods

  7. Kepler’s 3rd Law The Law of Harmonies The ratio of the square of the orbital period to the cube of the orbital semimajor axis (the radius) is the same for all the planets

  8. Galileo Galilei • 1564 – 1642 • First to turn the telescope skyward • Developed new physics to replace the physics of Aristotle • Got into deep trouble with the Catholic Church

  9. Galileo’s first major discovery concerned the planet Jupiter Over a week long period in January 1610 he makes observations that prove the existence of four moons orbiting Jupiter.

  10. Another of his observations that support the Copernican views is the phases of Venus

  11. In late 1632, Galileo’s book Dialoguesis banned and he is put on trial by the Inquisition

  12. In June 1633 he is found guilty and sentenced to prison. After recanting his views, his sentence is commuted to house arrest

  13. If you ask a physicist, Galileo’s most important contributions were in mechanics

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