Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation, & GMOs

Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation, & GMOs Hot Seat

If an organism reproduces asexually, its offspring will most likely be • Genetically identical to the parent • Genetically different from each other • produced as a result of fertilization • produced from specialized cells known as gametes

Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of mitosis? • A) prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> telophase • B) prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> telophase • C) prophase -> metaphase -> telophase -> anaphase • D) metaphase -> prophase -> telophase -> anaphase • E) metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> telophase

During which phase do chromosomes first become visible through a microscope? • Interphase • Telophase • Metaphase • Prophase

A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many daughter cells are created? ___ Each daughter cell has ___ chromosomes. • 2, 10 • 10, 2 • 1, 10 • 2, 20

Each chromosome consists of 2 _____. • cells • chromatids • daughter cells • Centrioles

The process of mitosis ensures that: • each new cell is genetically different from its parent • each new cell receives the proper number of chromosomes • cells will divide at the appropriate time • DNA is replicated without errors

During which phase of mitosis does the chromatin begin to condense to form the chromosomes? • anaphase • metaphase • interphase • prophase

Which of the following phases of mitosis is not matched with one of the activities that occur during that phase: • prophase: chromosomes replicate (copy) • telophase: cytokinesis occurs • metaphase: chromosomes line up in the center of the cell • anaphase: chromatids separate

Which of the following describes cancer? • A) group of cells that grow and divide • B) Tumors that are present in vital organs • C) Cells that divide uncontrollably • D) Discolored cells that are infected with bacteria

Which stage results in two daughter cells?

In which stage do the spindle fibers align the sister chromatids along the center of the cell?

In which stage are sister chromatids pulled to apart by the spindle fibers?

In which stage does chromatin condense into chromosomes?

The pinching off of the cell membrane that creates two daughter cells is called • Interphase • Anaphase • Cytokinesis • differentiation

Sequence the stages of the cell cycle. A B C D E

Sequence the stages of the cell cycle. D B A E C

Sequence the stages of the cell cycle shown below. B. A. D. C. E.

Sequence the stages of the cell cycle shown below. (Answer = E,B,D,C,A) D. C. B. E. A.

Sequence the Stages A B C D E

Which of these cells in the human body, when mature, do not divide? • Liver • Skin • Nerve • Blood

During what stage of the cell cycle is the DNA copied? • G1 • S • G2 • M

Once mitosis and cytokinesis are complete, what part of the cell cycle do the daughter cells enter? • G1 • S • G2 • M

During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell grow and prepare for mitosis? • G1 • S • G2 • M

During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell grow and add organelles? • G1 • S • G2 • M

In 1994 a new tomato variety that ripens slowly was developed in the laboratory. This new variety of tomato contains a section of DNA not found in the tomato from which it was developed. This is an example of a(n) • invasive species • differentiated cell • genetically modified organism • stem cell organism

The uncontrolled division of certain body cells, which then invade the surrounding tissues and interfere with the normal functioning of the body, is known as • cancer • mitosis • cytokinesis • Cleavage

If a cell is not dividing, where will it be in the cell cycle? • G0 • G1 • S • G2

Which type of cell has the potential to produce any type of specialized cell? • stem cells

When unspecialized stem cells give rise to specialized cells, what is this process called? • Differentiation • Osmosis • Mitosis • Meiosis

A liver cell and a skin cell from the same person have the same • Organelles • DNA • Function • Shape

What makes stem cells different from other cells in the body? • They are larger than other cells, and can absorb broken cells to repair them. • They repair cells by breaking open and making their cell parts available for absorption into other cells. • They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into a number of different kinds of cells, as needed.

True or False. Stem cells typically give rise to the type of cell the correlates to the tissue in which they reside. (For example, a stem cell located in the bone marrow will differentiate into any number of different blood cells.) • TRUE

Which of the following is mitosis not used for? • Repair (of a wound) in multicellular organisms • Asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms • Development (e.g., baby in mother's womb) • Production of gametes (sperm and egg) • All of the above use mitosis

The stage of the cell cycle where each chromosome is composed of two chromatids in preparation for mitosis. • G1 • S • G2 • M

Which sequence of the cell cycle is common to eukaryotes? • G1  G2  S  M  cytokinesis • G2  G1  S  M  cytokinesis • G1  S  G2  M  cytokinesis • M  G2  G1  S  cytokinesis

During _______ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided. • G1 • S • G2 • M

A cell has 5 chromosomes in G1. How many chromosomes will the cell have after it has finished completed the S phase? • 5 • 10 • 15 • 20

A cell with 46 chromosomes in the G1 phase undergoes MITOSIS. Which of these statements is true? • 4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes. • 2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes. • 4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes. • 2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes.

The diagrams at the below represent stages of a cellular process. Which is the correct sequence of these stages? • B--> D--> C--> A • D--> B--> A--> C • A--> B--> C--> D • C--> B--> D--> A

Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation, & GMOs