Cohoratives and Jussives

1. Cohoratives and Jussives Volitional – to express a wish, command, or desire

2. Cohortative The cohortative is the first-person counterpart to the imperative verb form. The cohortative verb, like the imperative, expresses a command or wish.

3. Jussive The third-person counterpart to the imperative verb form is the jussive. The jussive verb expresses a command or wish, such as “Let him send,” or “May he send?” The jussive verb form is usually identical to the third-person imperfect verb forms. Context is the best way to determine if the third-person verb should be translated as an imperfect or a jussive. If the verb is followed by the particle נָא, you should translate it as a jussive. III- ה Jussives: 3ms/3fs Jussives drop the ֶה ending of the 3ms/3fs Imperfect יִבְנֶהhe will buildיִבֶןlet him build יַעֲלֶהhe will go upיַעַלlet him go up

4. Negation of Cohortative & Jussive אַל – Generally, used with or without the maqqef. For example: אַל-נָא נֹאבְדָהDo not let us perish (Johah 1:14) Also: וְאַל-יִחַר אַפְּךָ בְּעַבְדֶּךָDo not let your anger burn against your servant (Gen 44:18)

5. Sequences with Volitionals The imperative, cohortative, and jussive are grouped together into one paradigm and share the same sequence characteristics. There are three main sequence types: Imperative followed by imperative. A list of imperative verbs joined by a vav conjunction. For example: Imperative followed by perfect.Similar to the narrative sequences we learned in chapter 24, the imperative is followed by the perfect verb attached to a vav-conversive. Remember that the vav-conversive changes the meaning of the perfect to the meaning of the previous verb, in this case an imperative. For example: Imperative, cohortative, or jussive followed by imperfect or cohortative.For this sequence, use the translation value of “so that” to express a result or purpose. Note the use of a vav conjunction instead of a vav-conversive.

6. Easily Confused Words כָתְבָהQal Perfect 3fs “she wrote” כָתְבָהQal Imperative 2ms (you) write! כָּתְבוּQal Perfect 3cp “they wrote” כִּתְבוּQal Imperative 2mp (you) write! בְּנוּQal Perfect 3cp “they built” בָּנוּQal Imperative 2mp (you) build! עָלוּQal Perfect 3cp “they went up” עֲלוּQal Imperative 2mp “(you) go up!”