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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. Feudalism and Vassalage. Physical Protection. The origins of feudalism The lord as the central figure Expense of medieval warfare The local and emotional nature of feudalism. Land given to poorer noble for service was called a fief

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages

  2. Feudalism and Vassalage

  3. Physical Protection • The origins of feudalism • The lord as the central figure • Expense of medieval warfare • The local and emotional nature of feudalism

  4. Land given to poorer noble for service was called a fief • Anyone accepting fief was called a vassal • Vassal  serve in military and make payments Fiefs and Vassals

  5. LORDS GIVE PROTECTION TO GIVE SERVICE TO Feudal Contract VASSALS

  6. The granting and receiving of fiefs was by a contract. • An oath of homage and fealty sealed it. • Contracts lasted until death. • Upon the death of the vassal, the oath was formally renewed with the vassals heir. Feudal Contract

  7. I, Lord Levi, do hereby agree to:   - give 10 acres of my land to Charles Wycliffe to farm   - provide a one room cottage with two windows and dirt floors   - provide protection in case of an attack I, Charles Wycliffe, do hereby agree to:   - give Lord Levi 40% of my crops   - pay taxes including         - 12 eggs per month         - 10 yards of cloth per year         - 2 pence per month   - provide four days per month of labor    - provide 40 days per year of military service I do hereby agree to the above terms. Lord Levi 2-8-908    Charles Wycliffe 2-8-908 An example follows:

  8. KING LOYALTY AND SERVICE LAND POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) PYRAMID OF POWER LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

  9. Almost all nobles were knights • Training at age 7, as a page, under the lady of the manor • Became squires at age 15 and were trained by other knights • Those deemed worthy were “dubbed” knights What is a Knight?

  10. Life of a Knight • The travels of the young knight • Tournaments and Jousts • Chivalry • Code of Ethics • Fight for Glory, not reward • Treatment of Women • Prisoners

  11. Women • Serf = Work • Noble = Maintain Household • The life of aristocratic women = Male Dominated • Property • Bookkeepers • Supplies • Advisors at times

  12. Manorialism The Economic System of Medieval Europe

  13. On the Rise • Doubles to 74 Million • Aided by Technology • Iron • Water and Wind to run Mills • Carruca – Wheeled plow • Hammers, nails, scythes, other farming tools Population

  14. Feudalism = political and social system • Manorialism = economic system • Economic System- the means of producing, distributing, and consuming goods • Manor = Castle/Large House and surrounding lands • Importance of Rivers • Isolation Manorialism

  15. In return for being able to work the land, the peasants gave the lord some of their crops (taxes) and helped to farm his land. • Three Field System • The third field lay fallow, or unplanted, for a season to regain its fertility. Manorial System

  16. Seek out goods you can’t produce • Increase communication • Step away from Dark Age Isolation • Money Economy • Begins the rise of Capitalism • Try to make a profit in trade • Guilds – associations of workers who set prices, quality and quantity of good available Trade Renewed

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