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Classification & Order

Classification & Order. HBio Ch 15.6 – 15.10. How do we classify?. Morphology Niche Fossil evidence DNA. Systematics. Study of diversity of life and evolutionary relationships Makes use of fossil record, morphology, embryology, DNA Difficulties with distinguishing between homology

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Classification & Order

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  1. Classification & Order HBio Ch 15.6 – 15.10

  2. How do we classify? • Morphology • Niche • Fossil evidence • DNA

  3. Systematics • Study of diversity of life and evolutionary relationships • Makes use of fossil record, morphology, embryology, DNA • Difficulties with distinguishing between • homology • similarities from common ancestor • analogy • similarities due to convergent evolution

  4. Phylogenetic tree • Uses DNA as a molecular clock • Better record than morphology alone

  5. History of Taxonomy • Carolus Linnaeus (mid 1700’s) • Used morphology to classify into 7 taxons

  6. Levels of Classification

  7. Binomial system of Nomenclature • A rose by any other name… • two parts to a name • Genus • Homo • species • sapiens • Humans = Homo sapiens or Homosapiens • Race, strain, cultivar, variety, breed

  8. Cladistics • Newer approach based on derived characteristic in evolution • Newly evolved feature that “gave rise to” group of organisms (clade) • A better look at evolutionary relationships • Clades are branches that share traits • Makes use of molecular chemistry/DNA more than morphology

  9. 5 (6) Kingdom system

  10. 3 Domain System

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