배움이란 ?

1. 배움이란? For Grad. Students of OSE Dept. March 25, 2009 Seung-O Park

2. Outline • Preliminary Questions • Meaning of Learning • Desirable Attributes • Recommendations • Concluding Remarks

3. First of all, let me ask “ … 요즈음 대학생이나 젊은 세대들은 근본적 성찰을 하는 일이 별로 없는 것 같이 느껴집니다. 매우 감각적이고 단편적인 감정에 매몰되어 있다는 인상을 받습니다…” ( 신 영복, ‘강의’ 서론에서) • 왜 “OSE”의대학원생이 되었는가? • 무엇을 하고자 하는가? • ‘대학원 학생’이라면 무엇을 해야 하는가?

4. 앞을 보지 않고 자동차를 운전하는사람이 있을까요 ? • 만약 그런 사람이 있다면, 우리는 그를 “OOOOXXXX….” 라고 하지 않나요? • ‘삶의 길’을 가고있는 우리는 어떤가요? • “Begin with the end in mind”라는 말 ?

5. ‘배움’은 질문으로 부터 • Is learning important ? • Why is it important ? - if important, is this the first priority? • What do I want to be? ---------------------------------- • Is everything OK with me ? • If not, why ?

6. LEARNING ?

7. What is learning ? • Learning is voluntary - G. Galileo - 배움은 ‘남’의 문제가 아닌 ‘나’의 문제 - 自發, 自治, 自覺 • To Learn is to change – G. B. Leonard • What to learn to change ‘myself’ ? - 전문성 (competence) - 성품 (character)

8. Choice is yours. 성품 안타까운 사람 리더십을 갖춘 사람 역량 인생이 괴로운 (한심한) 사람 무시할 수 없으나 싫은 사람

9. ‘Inquisitiveness, Effort, & Review’ are essential for learning 學 而 不 思 則 罔 思 而 不 學 則 殆 - 論語 爲政 篇 -

10. What do you want to be?- a Homework Problem • 당신이 교수라면 어떤 학생을 지도하고 싶은가? (* 교수 ~ Instructor & Advisor ) • 당신이 사장이라면 어떤 사람을 고용하고 싶은가? • 당신이 팀장 (혹은 팀원)이라면어떤 사람과 함께 일하면 좋겠는가? ---------------------------------------- • 나는 어떤 사람인가?

11. How we can change ? 過 則 勿 憚 改- 論語 學而 篇 –- We know that this is ‘very tough to practice’ • How to discover “過” in myself ? • Am I always right ?

12. Desirable Attributes

13. Whatsociety wants Attributes of Engineers in 2020 (NAE) - Strong Analytical Skill - Practical Ingenuity - Creativity - Communication Skill - Business and Management - Leadership - Higher Ethical Standard and a strong sense of professionalism - Dynamism, agility, resilience and flexibility - Lifelong Learner

14. Have you ever heard of “AQ” ? AQ: Adversity Quotient (by Paul G. Stoltz) What is your type? - Quitter ? - Camper ? - Climber ?

15. 5 Minds for the Future ( by Howard Gardner) - the Disciplined Mind - the Synthesizing Mind - The Creative Mind - the Respectful Mind - the Ethical Mind

16. The Disciplined Mind • Master at least one way of thinking ( being able to think deeply about what you are doing, not just a mastery of facts, subject matters,…) • Without one discipline mastered, what will happen to your career ? • 10,000 hour of Malcolm Gladwell (concentration, perseverance, steadiness,etc) • A disciplined mind is not - the assertion of mastery of a subject without a decade or so of practice and the pursuit of mastering it - Following rigidly the letter of procedures without a sense of purposes and boundaries of the discipline - the faking of one’s preparation or performance

18. Dosomethingeveryday that you don’t want to do; this is the golden rule for acquiring the habit of doing your duty without pain. - Mark Twain -

19. The Synthesizing Mind • The mind that knows how to sort through information, identify patterns and trends and produce a big picture • The synthesizing mind invokes a set of criteria in deciding what to pay attention to and what to ignore. • It puts together the information in ways that are powerful and memorable; the synthesizing mind must also be able to pass the synthesis on efficiently and effectively to others • A synthesizing mind is not - Selecting material in a haphazard way - Offering integrations that do not stand up to scrutiny by either oneself or by knowledgeable others - Inappropriate organizing frameworks - Summaries that feature overly grandiose ‘lumping’ or nitpicking ‘splitting’

21. The Creating Mind • Going beyond existing knowledge and syntheses to pose new questions, offer new solutions, fashion works that stretch existing genres or configure new ones. • The creating person is able to think outside the box. • The crucial point here is that one cannot think outside the box, unless one has a box! That box comes as a result of mastering one or more disciplines, and carrying out necessary syntheses- tasks that can take a solid decade. • It’s a mind able to generate new things, see from new perspectives and formulate new ideas. • A creating mind is not - Offering apparent innovations that are either superficial variations of long-existing knowledge or sharp departures that may be novel but are not acceptable so therefore are either dangerous or false ( Examples ? )

22. The Respectful Mind • One who is tolerant of differences and respects the ideas, opinions and values of others rather than thinking of them in terms of stereotypes or making them right or wrong etc. • (7 habits) habit 4: think win- win, habit 5: seek first to understand, then to be understood, • Value the differences • A respectful mind is not • Exhibiting mere tolerance without any effort to understand or work smoothly with others • Paying homage to those with more power and status while deprecating, dismissing, ridiculing or ignoring those with less power • Behaving reflexively towards an entire group without attending to the qualities of specific individuals

23. The Ethical Mind • To live up to high standards - and help others do the same – requires an ethical cast of mind that lets you practice your principles consistently. • A person with an ethical mind asks themselves, “What kind of a person, worker, and citizen do I want to be? Can one work for more than self-interest and improve the quality of life for all ? ” • ‘Good work’ in the sense of being excellent in quality ; it is responsible and takes into account its implications for the wider community and is personally engaging- and meaningful. • An Ethical mind is not… • Espousing a good, responsible line but failing to embody that course in one’s own actions • Practicing ethics in a small arena while acting irresponsibly in the large sphere ( or vice versa) • Compromising on what is proper in the short run or over the long haul

25. Recommendations • 과학자는 수도자처럼 일해야… 즐거운 시간을 짧고 좌절의 시간이 더 긴 법… ( Tim Hunt, 2001 노벨 의학상 수상자) • 나의 가장 무서운 적은 나 -인내하지 못하는 버릇, 게으름을 극복해야 (Makethe most of yourself because that is all there is for you.) • ‘오늘’ 의 중요성을 깨닫기 • 건강 유지하기/ Stress 다룰 줄 알기 • Be Positive. But also Be Realistic. Do not be overly optimistic. 현실을냉철하게 판단하기. A pessimistic optimist ? ( Bertrand Russel) • Never Give Up

27. p.40 다산의 勉學文 • “공부하는 자들이 갖고 있는 세 가지 병통을 너는 하나도 가지고 있지 않다. 첫째 기억력이 뛰어난 병통은 공부를 소홀히 하는 폐단을 낳고, 둘째 글 짓는 재주가 좋은 병통은 허황한 데 흐르는 폐단을 낳으며, 셋째 이해력이 빠른 병통은 거친 데 흐르는 폐단을 낳는다. 둔하지만 공부에 파고드는 자는 식견이 넓어지고, 막혔지만 잘 뚫는 자는 흐름이 거세지며, 미욱하지만 잘 닦는 자는 빛이 난다. 파고드는 방법은 무엇이냐. 근면함이다. 뚫는 방법은 무엇이냐. 근면함이다. 닦는 방법은 무엇이냐. 근면함이다. 그렇다면 근면함을 어떻게 지속하느냐. 마음가짐을 확고히 갖는 데 있다.” • - 다산이 강진에서 양성한 제자 黃裳(1788~1870)에게 써준 勉學文, 1802년 임술년 10월 -

28. Comments on Writing 작가가 되고 싶다면 두 가지 일은 반드시 해야 한다. 많이 읽고 많이 쓰는 것이다. 이 두 가지를 피해 갈 수 있는 방법은 없다. 지름길도 없다. - 스티븐 킹 -

30. 논문을 쓰면서 연구하라 - ‘무엇을 할 것인가?’ ‘ 왜 중요한가?’를 공부하며 ‘introduction’을쓰고 - 실험/계산을 하고, 그 결과를 따져가며 ‘본문’을쓰라 * 왜 이런 얘기를 하고 있는 것일까요 ?

31. Concluding Remarks 知 之 者 不 如 好 之 者 好 之 者 不 如 樂 之 者

32. Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results. Want to make a difference?

33. 대부분의 사람들은 일년에 한두 번 정도 생각한다. 내가 유명한 사람이 될 수 있었던 것은 일주일에 한두 번 생각했기 때문이다. -버나드 쇼-

34. Who (or what) do you think is to blame ? Desired Comparing Device Controller System Output Error Input output Measuring Device

35. 변화의 중요성 • 窮 則 變, 變 則 通, 通 則 久 • 180O? Maybe. • How about 2O , 3O , or 5O ?

36. 가장 슬픈 말  “…할 수 있었는데”

37. 여러분 모두 성공적인 대학원 생활을 보내시기 바랍니다. Thank you for your attention !